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51314-3854-A Mechanistic Erosion-Corrosion Model for Predicting Iron Carbonate (FeCO3) Scale Thickness in a CO2 Environment with Sand

Picture for A Mechanistic Erosion-Corrosion Model for Predicting Iron Carbonate (FeCO3) Scale Thickness in a CO2
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Product Number: 51314-3854-SG
ISBN: 3854 2014 CP
Author: Gusai Al-Aithan
Publication Date: 2014
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$20.00
$20.00
The combined effect of sand erosion and CO2 corrosion on carbon steel tubing and piping has greatly influenced the design and operation of oil and gas production facilities. A mechanistic model of the competition between the growth of FeCO3 scale through CO2 corrosion and removal of scale by sand erosion has been implemented in a computer program for predicting erosion-corrosion rates under different environmental conditions. Models from the literature for quantifying iron carbonate scale precipitation and growth rates and diffusion rates of cathodic reactants and corrosion product species through iron carbonate scale have been modified and integrated into an erosion-corrosion model.The erosion resistance of FeCO3 scale erosion to solid particle erosion (erosivity) has been characterized under various environmental conditions in submerged direct impingement flow loop experiments. The effects of sand concentration solution chemistry temperature and flow velocities on erosion-corrosion rates were measured using weight loss 3D profilometry and linear polarization resistance. Further investigations of FeCO3 deposition rates were conducted to understand scale deposition mechanisms for different temperatures. Based on these experiments the scale deposition rate has been characterized and used in the model to evaluate scale thickness as a function of temperature. Results show that the erosivity of the iron carbonate scale formed at 88 and 66oC (pH 6.4) were about 5 and 15 times higher than bare low carbon steel respectively. Erosion-corrosion experiments revealed a relation between erosivity scale deposition rate and the corrosion component of erosion-corrosion. Both model and experiments show the corrosion part of erosion-corrosion experiments was found to be linearly related to erosivity at the same test conditions. Comparisons of experimental results with the predicted values from the erosion-corrosion model are presented for the various testing conditions. Practical examples of the erosion-corrosion model for situations involving oil and gas production are presented and discussed. 
The combined effect of sand erosion and CO2 corrosion on carbon steel tubing and piping has greatly influenced the design and operation of oil and gas production facilities. A mechanistic model of the competition between the growth of FeCO3 scale through CO2 corrosion and removal of scale by sand erosion has been implemented in a computer program for predicting erosion-corrosion rates under different environmental conditions. Models from the literature for quantifying iron carbonate scale precipitation and growth rates and diffusion rates of cathodic reactants and corrosion product species through iron carbonate scale have been modified and integrated into an erosion-corrosion model.The erosion resistance of FeCO3 scale erosion to solid particle erosion (erosivity) has been characterized under various environmental conditions in submerged direct impingement flow loop experiments. The effects of sand concentration solution chemistry temperature and flow velocities on erosion-corrosion rates were measured using weight loss 3D profilometry and linear polarization resistance. Further investigations of FeCO3 deposition rates were conducted to understand scale deposition mechanisms for different temperatures. Based on these experiments the scale deposition rate has been characterized and used in the model to evaluate scale thickness as a function of temperature. Results show that the erosivity of the iron carbonate scale formed at 88 and 66oC (pH 6.4) were about 5 and 15 times higher than bare low carbon steel respectively. Erosion-corrosion experiments revealed a relation between erosivity scale deposition rate and the corrosion component of erosion-corrosion. Both model and experiments show the corrosion part of erosion-corrosion experiments was found to be linearly related to erosivity at the same test conditions. Comparisons of experimental results with the predicted values from the erosion-corrosion model are presented for the various testing conditions. Practical examples of the erosion-corrosion model for situations involving oil and gas production are presented and discussed. 
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