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Available for download

SSPC-SP 10 (WAB)/NACE No. 2 (WAB)-2015, “Near-White Metal Wet Abrasive Blast Cleaning”

Product Number: 21197-SG

Publication Date: 2015

$109.00

This standard, SSPC-SP 10 (WAB)/NACE WAB-2, defines the "Near-White Metal" level of surface cleanliness for wet abrasive methods. Other levels in overview below.

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TM0186-1985, Holiday Detection of Internal Tubing Coatings of 10 to 30 Mils (0.25 to 0.76 mm) Dry Film Thickness

Product Number: 53057-HD1985

Author: NACE

Publication Date: 1985

$179.00

Nondestructive test method for the detection of holidays in a conductive coating (10 to 30 mils (0.25 to 0.76 mm)) film that on the inner wall (bore) of oil field tubular goods. Test apparatus. Procedure. Reporting. Historical Document 1985

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Adhesion Tests and Failure Modes Study on Structural Steel Coatings

Product Number: 41213-771-SG

Author: Wei Zheng, John J. Myers

Publication Date: 2013

$20.00

Pull-off adhesion behaviors of 15 coating systems in three groups were studied utilizing test method ASTM D4541. Three groups of coating systems included coating systems with organic or inorganic zinc-rich primers, polymeric polyurea coatings, and overcoating systems applied on an existing coating system.

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Material Qualification of Sour Service Grades for Extreme Sour Conditions

Product Number: 51323-19113-SG

Author: John Fortaillier, Florian Thébault, Carine Landier, Nicolas Bouchart

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Oil and gas operations are pushing the limits of Sour Service always further with the need to combine high Sulfide Stress Cracking resistance (SSC) in H2S partial pressure while keeping high levels for Specified Minimum Yield Strength (SMYS). Operators are indeed entering into new drilling challenges when targeting complex well formations where production casings could be exposed to Sour Service environment and tubing completions to increased differential pressure. Having high levels for Specified Minimum Yield Strength (SMYS) paves the way for addressing Multi-Stage Fracturing (MSF) developments that reach pressure differentials as high as 15,000psi during fracturing operations in challenging environments with minimum intervention possibilities.

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Sewer Safety for Coating Contractors

Product Number: 41206-291-SG

Author: Stephen M. Wierzchowski

Publication Date: 2006

$20.00

As wastewater treatment processes have improved and collection systems are tightened to prevent infiltration, the corrosive nature of the wastewater environment has dramatically increased.

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Non Producing Environments Leading to Downhole CRA Completion Failures

Product Number: 51324-20620-SG

Author: B. J. C. Thomas; M. Al Kindi; A.S. Braiki

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Materials selection for any oil and gas equipment, but specifically in wells, tend to focus on the nature and characteristic of the producing environments, or injected fluids if dealing with an injector well. They benefit from greater appreciation on the uncertainty range, in terms of volumes, pressure, temperature and concentration of corrodents since it forms the basis of the business case to drill a new well. There is no robust industry-wide materials selection standards, besides that of the sour limitation of ISO 15156, and Operators are therefore relying on their internal standards, if available, or recommendations from equipment manufacturers or suppliers to select the most appropriate OCTG for that given “worst case” environment. This paper describes several wells completion failures that are attributed to temporary internal or external exposures, at times in wells that were not even cleaned up from the initial completion brine. The events that led to extensive internal corrosion of N08535 tubing and cracking of 13Cr-110 ksi (13-5-2 grades per ISO 13680) are described with the aim to bring higher awareness to the Operators that due diligence of materials selection should not be limited to the primary fluids that are to be transported.

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SP0516-2016, “Guidelines for Data Collection and Analysis of Railroad Tank Car Interior Coating/Lining Condition”

Product Number: 21408-SG

Publication Date: 2016

$179.00

HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Guidelines for inspecting, rating & documenting the condition of interior coatings and linings in tank cars. Complying with regulations. Examples, forms and a tank car map. May apply to other containers.

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Effect of the Superduplex Microstructure on the Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility

Product Number: 51319-13062-SG

Author: Pauline Huguenin

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Superduplex stainless steel UNS S32750 / EN 1.4410 presents very high corrosion resistance together with elevated mechanical strength making it especially suited for subsea systems. Despite the material excellent properties a number of in-service failures have been recorded especially when it is subjected to cathodic protection. This grade is also known to be sensitive to intermetallic phase precipitation e.g. σ-phase whose deleterious effect is well documented. Therefore manufacturers have optimized metallurgical routes to deliver superduplex products free from intermetallic phases. However very few residual particles may be present under the form of centerline intermetallic stringers and their effect on hydrogen embrittlement is not well documented.The present study aims at evaluating the influence of the intermetallic phases in centerline stringers on the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of superduplex stainless steel. Heat treatment have been performed on superduplex sheets in order to obtain different configurations of intermetallic phase – free from σ-phase presence of centerline intermetallic stringers presence of σ-phase over the full thickness. Specimens have been then tested by means of slow strain rate tensile test in simulated deep sea water (0.5 M NaCl 4 °C) under cathodic polarization at -1100 mV/SCE. All duplex microstructures and fracture surfaces were investigated using low and high magnification microscopy. The strain to fracture is estimated by the section reduction at the fracture surface and the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility is defined for each microstructure as the reduction of the strain to fracture compared to a reference test in deionized water at 4 °C (RAR).With the presence of hydrogen fracture mode changes from ductile to transgranular quasi-cleavage. No effect of centerline intermetallic stringers (up to 0.08% of sigma σ-phase) on hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility has been measured.Considering the sample with σ-phase over the full thickness the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement is artificially high due to the low initial ductility measured in the reference test. Therefore the influence of hydrogen was only insignificant as observed on the fracture surface which remains ductile.

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Enabling Decarbonization through Conversion of Natural Gas Pipelines to Blended Hydrogen Service through a Nanocomposite Surface Treatment

Product Number: 51324-21204-SG

Author: Ganesh Kumar Arumugam; Sumil Thapa; Venkat Kamavaram; Andrea Mansfeld; Ramiro Maldonado

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The next phase of a global energy transition is hinging closely on finding fuel sources with substantially reduced carbon footprint. One way of doing so is to enable the use of Hydrogen (H2) rather than natural gas while still maintaining the existing legacy transport pipeline infrastructure. The presence of hydrogen in natural gas blend has been shown to cause weakening of steel even at extremely low concentrations and steps must be taken to mitigate the presence of hydrogen. Although embrittlement can be mitigated using specific metal alloys, the extensive cost of such retrofitting (up to $4.7M per mile) has made this economically unfeasible. One option that could substantially reduce this cost by as much as 90% is the use of new liners or barrier materials to limit the ability of hydrogen to diffuse into the steel. One such material coating that claims a unique combination of a “low-surface energy,” chemical- and abrasion-resistant topcoat material combined with a highly gas-impermeable and corrosion-resistant but physically fragile base layer is evaluated in this paper. This composite structure allows for the material to have sufficient mechanical strength to be field deployable in a typical pipeline environment. This work describes the establishment and use of a new experimental laboratory setup designed to test the effect of a nanocomposite material deposited onto legacy steel grades such as X52 and X70. The high-pressure, high-temperature mechanical testing bed could simulate all environmental conditions that a future pipeline would face hydrogen/methane blends anywhere from 0 – 100% temperature exceeding 200°C and pressures between up to 2000psi. Facilities capable of safely and controllably testing how metals react in the presence of hydrogen fuel blends will be essential to the industry as the demand for establishing new standards for hydrogen energy transport grows. This case study demonstrates how one might go about designing and testing a novel coating or surface treatment material, and will discuss whether such coatings are viable solutions, and where improvements need to be made.

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QP8 Certification

Product Number: 41213-781-SG

Author: John A. Russo

Publication Date: 2013

$20.00

What is SSPC QP8 certification? Who benefits? What is entailed in obtaining certification and what are some of the key requirements? Where do we see QP8's place in the resinous flooring industry in years to come?

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Full-Scale Testing Validation and Quantification of Optimized Engineered Composite Repair Systems for Pipeline Repair

Product Number: 51319-13439-SG

Author: Matt Green

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

For almost three decades composite repair technology has provided valuable alternatives to operating companies in maintaining the integrity of their high-pressure gas and liquid pipeline systems. Early adopters of the technology helped to push the usage of these beneficial materials to where they are today. As with all technology increased usage drives increased scope of usage and there have been extensive and comprehensive full-scale testing programs dedicated to pushing the boundaries and opening new defect repair options. These have been funded jointly by industry and manufacturers and have yielded successful results further showcasing the full range of benefits that composite materials can provide. Benefitting from this history and background allows for a better repair option based on experience and lessons learned. Development of new technologies methods and materials has been ongoing and results show improvements may be made by using lessons learned in conjunction with technologies now available.The contents of this paper focus and provide details on the development of specialized composite technologies for reinforcing anomalies such as corrosion and dents subjected to aggressive operating conditions. Additionally small-scale coupon-level testing results are used to characterize the effects of constitutive component changes in order to take the next steps prior to full-scaling including burst and cyclic pressure testing. Information is included on the initial design process used by engineers to optimize reinforcements using constitutive properties and insights from previous testing and research programs to guide the advancements in the understanding of the materials. Detailed test results and industry comparisons are included with information on how both coupon-level and full-scale test results can be used to assist operators in repairing and maintaining their pipeline systems using optimized composite reinforcing technologies.

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51315-5771-Multiple Element Monitoring for Concrete Structures

Product Number: 51315-5771-SG

ISBN: 5771 2015 CP

Author: Sean Brossia

Publication Date: 2015

$20.00

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51317--9598-HDD Alternative Testing

Product Number: 51317--9598-SG

ISBN: 9598 2017 CP

Author: Levi Blumhagen

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

An alternative method to record the potential shift when performing a coating conductance test outlined in NACE TM0102-021 is proposed. This method utilizes an oscilloscope rather than a digital multimeter to capture the potential shift when performing the applied current method.

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The Marine Coatings User’s Handbook (e-Book)

Product Number: 37596-E

ISBN: 1575902818

Author: Louis D. Vincent

Publication Date: 2012

$128.00

For personnel involved in new-build and maintenance painting of ships. From shipyards to drydocks and coating repairs by ship’s crews while under-way. Comparisons of coatings. Speicial requirements. Inspection. Equipment. 2012 NACE E-BOOK

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Myth-Busting Part 2: Comparing Accelerated Exposure Performance between Bio-Based and Petroleum-Based Hardeners

Product Number: 51324-21096-SG

Author: Daniel Wang

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

As sustainability continues to be an industry driver for innovation, bio-based raw materials for organic coatings give formulators the option to create a more sustainable product. However, a common myth is that bio-based materials perform worse than their petroleum-based counterparts. This paper is a follow-up to the work shown at AMPP 2023 with accelerated weathering and corrosion results for multiple systems crosslinked with either a petroleum-based or bio-based hardener. With these results, the hope is to improve the industry’s perspective on bio-based raw materials and dispel any myths that associate sustainable solutions with lower performance. In addition, this paper serves as an example on how raw material suppliers can help paint manufacturers achieve their sustainability initiatives through the offerings of bio-based alternatives.

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Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) Method Pipe Update

Product Number: 51323-18948-SG

Author: Joe Pikas

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The case history will discuss HDD methodology and challenges. With all the benefits of HDD comes the disadvantages especially from pipeline maintenance, corrosion control and integrity management. HDD can impose additional strain on the pipeline during the pull through process and can increase both installation stress and operational stress. HDD installed pipeline crossings are deep and could easily become low points for liquid hold up causing flow issues.

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15.5-Year Inspection Reveals the Effectiveness of a Single-Coat Epoxy

Product Number: 51322-17996-SG

Author: Guy Zanti

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In the mid-1990s, the US Navy’s technical community, led by Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA), recognized existing coatings used to protect the inside of ships’ tanks were failing on average 5-8 years after application. The high cost to blast and recoat over 11,000 tanks every 5-8 years, not counting submarines and aircraft carriers, was prohibitive. To address this issue, the Navy conducted a study to analyze the problem and decided to replace these legacy coatings with high solid epoxy coatings.¹

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Assessment of Cement-Lined Pipelines and Challenges

Product Number: MPWT19-14342

Author: Murtada H. Alsalman, Itoro L. Akrasi, Zakariya H. Alyacoub

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

Steel pipeline is the optimum choice for transporting oil and gas due to its excellent strength,
material properties and cost. Some pipeline services require special attention to avoid
corrosion or erosion, e.g., corrosive water injection systems. To address this, internal liners
have been introduced, including cement-lined to protect the pipelines from such conditions.
Even though cement-liners enhance the reliability of the pipelines, there are still challenges
related to inspection. The inspection of cement-lined pipelines is difficult with in-line
inspection tools (ILI) due to surface roughness of the cement, which impacts the movement.
Also, the cement lining is too thick for the sensors of the ILI tool to measure the steel
thickness through the liner.
Cement-lined pipelines are frequently used for water injection system facilities where
common inspection techniques cannot be used due to inherent limitations. As safety,
reliability and continuity are important at Saudi Aramco operations, the team spare no effort
to ensure the integrity of these pipelines utilizing different inspection techniques. In 2017,
electromagnetic acoustic transmission (EMAT) inspection technology was utilized for the first
time on cement-lined pipelines at the water injection facilities. This paper describes the
capability and successful deployment of EMAT inspection technology.

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SP0207-2007, Performing Close-Interval Potential Surveys and DC Surface Potential Gradient Surveys on Buried or Submerged Metallic Pipelines

Product Number: 21121-SG

ISBN: 1-57590-211-7

Publication Date: 2007

$109.00

Presents procedures for performing close-interval DC pipe-to-electrolyte potential surveys on buried or submerged metallic pipelines.

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Investigation on Release Rates of Vacuum Tight Threaded Junction (VTTJ) Samples Exposed to Ultrapure Water

Product Number: ED22-18439-SG

Author: Caterina Cavallini, Piergiorgio Sonato, Claudia Gasparrini, Francesco Montagner, Roberto Rizzieri, Valentina Zin, Piero Agostinetti, Enrico Miorin, Denis Badocco, Mauro Dalla Palma, Paolo Pastore , Matteo Zaupa, Alessandro Minarello,

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) at Consorzio RFX (Padua, Italy) hosts two experiments: MITICA, the 1 MeV full-scale prototype of the ITER Neutral Beam Injector (NBI), and SPIDER, the low energy 100 keV ITER HNB full-size Ion Source [1]. The exploitation of SPIDER and MITICA is necessary to make the future operation of the ITER NBI efficient and reliable; a fundamental aspect to achieving thermonuclear-relevant plasma parameters in ITER.

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Experimental Evaluation of Water Transport Through Insulation

Product Number: 51319-13477-SG

Author: Jose Vera

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

A simple set-up and methodology was developed to semi-quantitatively measure water transport (liquid and vapor) through intact insulation and damaged insulation when a thermal gradient across the insulation is maintained. The main objective was to contribute to a better understanding of water transport mechanism in different insulation materials which can be related to corrosion under insulation (CUI). Most tests were conducted using polyurethane insulation and for comparison purposes few tests were conducted with mineral wool insulation.Results from this study indicated different time scales for the following main processes affecting the moisture content at the metal/insulation interface which illustrated a potentially effective approach for CUI mitigation:<ul><li>Water transport from the environment to the metal surface through intact insulation.</li><li>Water transport from the environment to the metal surface through damaged insulation.</li><li>Water transport out of the metal surface through the insulation.

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Shanghai, China: Crossing the Cultural Divide

Product Number: 41210-583-SG

Author: Daniel J. Zienty

Publication Date: 2010

$20.00

The professional challenges of conducting coatings inspections in Shanghai, China.

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Laser Scanning to Evaluate Pipeline Joint (Girth) Weld Quality And Coatability

Product Number: MECC23-19887-SG

Author: Aman Rastogi; Bryan Kirchmer

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Carbon steel pipelines are widely used in the oil and gas industry as a fast and secured means for transportation of hydrocarbons, water and other fluids from their source to the destination. Pipelines are routed through varying environments such as land, sea, deserts, sabkha, marshy areas, which exposes the external surfaces of the pipelines to corrosive environment. These pipelines are often used for transportation of different fluids, which are generally corrosive due to their chemical composition.

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A Comparative Study on Coating Performance of Inorganic Zinc Primer System and Inorganic Copolymer System by Long-Term Durability Test Including High Temperature Exposure at 540℃

Product Number: 51323-18820-SG

Author: Chuljung Kim

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Bulk items such as cast and forged valves are installed under various temperature conditions. It is exposed to a wide range of temperatures, therefore the coating product applied to bulk items should have appropriate heat resistance performance. However, it is very difficult to select a suitable coating system since the temperature condition is not determined in the valve manufacturing stage. For this reason, unsuitable coating systems are often applied, causing coating defects in the field operation. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a coating system that can cover a wide temperature range to prevent this problem.

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99612 THE OVER 20 YEAR OPERATING EXPERIENCE WITH CARBON STEEL TUBINGS AT ABU ATTIFEL FIELD. PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

Product Number: 51300-99612-SG

ISBN: 99612 1999 CP

Author: Tiziana Cheldi, K. Rumash, Bruno Bazzoni

$20.00

Available for download

98305 APPLICATIONS OF LPR TO THIN FILM LIQUID PHASES

Product Number: 51300-98305-SG

ISBN: 98305 1998 CP

Author: K. M. Lawson,M. Yunovich, D. L. Caudill

$20.00

Available for download

Safe Handling and Application of Spray Applied Polymeric Thick Film Coatings – What Contractors and Applicators Should Know

Product Number: 41207-316-SG

Author: Edward H. Conrad

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

Spray applied polyurethane and polyurea coatings, which are based on isocyanates, are widely used in a number of markets today. Several of these applications are in the automotive industry where many of the automotive paints and other coatings in use contain isocyanates. In the last 15 years, the use of isocyanates in the application of a spray applied truck bed liner (TBL) has been growing in popularity.

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Impact of Very Low Concentration of Soluble Salts on Coatings Performance

Product Number: 51319-13218-SG

Author: Andy Bodington

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

For offshore platform maintenance coating operation dry grit blasting is a common practice to clean the steel surface. The offshore platform steels are in a various degree of corrosion. It is well known that dry grit blasting alone cannot remove salts completely and some residual salts remain on blasted steel surface. In offshore corrosive environment grit blasted steel surfaces will quickly become rusted within a couple of hours. It is hard to keep the desired near white metal finish for 2-4 hours until the coating spray application. There are several commercial cleaning chemicals to remove residual salts and to extend the surface cleanliness time.This paper covers the testing and comparison of some of these chemicals and impact on coating performance. The evaluation was in 2 parts:1. Compare various salt removal solutions.2. Evaluate the compatibility and impact of the best salt removal solution on coating performance.In the first part of the testing tests showed that one of the products did out-perform the other chemicals to remove residual salts and maintain a desired surface pH.The second part of testing was done since there was a concern about the compatibility of the salt removal product and coatings. Thus the best salt removal product was then further tested with various coating types applied. Three (3) atmosphere coatings and three (3) tank linings (immersion grade) were selected for the compatibility study.The conclusion was that one salt removal solution did out-perform other systems and the salt removal solution was compatibility with the various coatings and improved performance of the coating.

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NACE TM0497-2022, Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems

Product Number: NACE TM0497-2022

Publication Date: 2022

$109.00

This test method provides descriptions of the measurement techniques and cautionary measures most commonly used on underground and submerged piping other than offshore piping to determine whether one or more selected criterion has been met at a representative test site(s) with consideration for special conditions. These methods are also applicable to many other underground or submerged metallic structures.

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The API RP 14E Erosional Velocity Equation: Origin Application Misuse Limitation and Alternative

Product Number: 51319-13206-SG

Author: Fazlollah Madani Sani

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Erosion of mild steel lines and equipment during the production of hydrocarbons from underground reservoirs is a complex and not fully quantitatively understood phenomenon becoming even more intricate when electrochemical corrosion is included. Oil and gas companies have always tried to account for this phenomenon with simple models. Over the last 40 years the American Petroleum Institute recommended practice 14E (API RP 14E) erosional velocity equation has been used by many operators to estimate safe production velocities in erosive-corrosive service. The widespread use of API RP 14E is a result of it being simple to apply and requiring little in the way of inputs. However there is very little scientific backing for this approach. The API RP 14E erosional velocity equation is often quoted to be overly conservative and to unjustifiably restrict the production rate or overestimate required pipe sizes.The present workprovides a review of literature on the origin of the API RP 14E erosional velocity equation its limitations misuses applications and known alternatives. This review suggests that a proper erosion model would provide a better description for the vast majority of conditions in oil and gas production systems to determine the safe operating velocity while maintaining a maximum production capacity and using cheaper materials or smaller diameter pipelines. However these models are more complex and are therefore not as widely applied. Overall there are currently no simple and readily available alternative formulae for calculating the erosional velocity and resort in many cases is a semi-empirical approach that includes operational experience.Keywords:erosion API RP 14E erosional velocity erosive-corrosive service operational experience

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Current Status of Nulcear Power Plant Safety-Related Coatings

Product Number: 41206-227-SG

Author: Jon R. Cavallo

Publication Date: 2006

$20.00

Since the selection and application of safety-related coatings in commercial US nuclear power plants began in the early 1950's, many changes have occurred in coatings technology, industry understanding of the performance of coatings in the nuclear plant environment, and regulatory oversight of these coatings.

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96080 Material Selection for Wellhead Equipment Exposed to Chlorinated and Natural Seawater

Product Number: 51300-96080-SG

ISBN: 96080 1996 CP

Author: Stein Olsen, Manuel Maligas, Perry Nice, John Vicic, T. Vinn

$20.00

Available for download

99023 EFFECT OF BUFFER CAPACITY ON THE CO2 PITTING OF STEEL

Product Number: 51300-99023-SG

ISBN: 99023 1999 CP

Author: Saadedine Tebbal, Norman Hackerman

$20.00

Available for download

Developing an Appropriate Heat Treatment Protocol for Additively Manufactured Alloy 718 for Oil and Gas Applications

Product Number: 51323-18793-SG

Author: M.R. Stoudt, M.E. Williams, J.S. Zuback, K.W. Moon, C.E. Campbell, C.R. Beauchamp, M. Yunovich

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a transformative technology that has opened areas of design space that were previously inaccessible by enabling the production of complex, three-dimensional parts and intricate geometries that were impractical to produce via traditional manufacturing methods. However, the extreme thermo-mechanical conditions in the AM build process (e.g., cooling rates ranging from 103 K/s
to 106 K/s and repeated heating/cooling cycles) generate deleterious microstructures with high residual stresses, and extreme compositional gradients.

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A Data-Driven Approach to Predicting Oxidation Rate Constants For Alloys

Product Number: 51323-19412-SG

Author: Christopher D Taylor

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

High-temperature service places severe constraints on materials selection due to a combination of factors including the formation of oxide films, spallation and volatilization, and deterioration in mechanical properties. Materials selection is principally informed by laboratory testing under simulated conditions of temperature, thermo-mechanical fatigue, and environment chemistry (such as the presence of steam, exhaust gas chemistry, or salts). Models for predicting the high temperature performance of materials a priori are an active area for development, and are currently focused on elements such as predicting oxide formation, microstructure evolution and reduced order models for creep.

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Measurement of Internal Coating Stresses of MIL-PRF-23377 Top Coated with MIL-PRF-8528

Product Number: 41215-884-SG

Author: Devin Clark, Richard C. Ferguson, James W. Rawlins

Publication Date: 2015

$20.00

Internal coatings stress (ICS) develops in coatings applied to a rigid substrates. During drying, volume changes due to solvent loss and/or cure induces stresses in the films. Differences in the thermal expansion coefficients of the coating and substrate also affect the ICS. ICS affects the interfacial adhesion and results in delamination once the stress exceeds the force of adhesion.

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NACE SP0572-2007, Design, Installation, Operation, and Maintenance of Impressed Current Deep Anode Beds

Product Number: 21007-SG

Publication Date: 2007

$179.00

HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Design, installation, operation, and maintenance of deep groundbeds for control of external corrosion of underground or submerged metallic structures by impressed current cathodic protection.

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Selective Dissolution Forming During Sour Testing of Duplex Stainless Steels. Is It Critical?

Product Number: 51323-18834-SG

Author: Christophe Mendibide, Carole Dessolin

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

According to ISO 15156(1) standard, the acceptability limits of duplex stainless steels for a safe use in exploration and production environments are defined based on the PREN (Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number) of the considered alloy. For a duplex stainless steel with 30 < PREN < 40 (typical of 22%Cr steels), the alloy is acceptable up to a H2S partial pressure of 0.1 bar while this partial pressure can be increased up to 0.2 bar if 40 < PREN < 45 (typical of 25%Cr steels).

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97604 Corrsion Data Survey: The Next Generation

Product Number: 51300-97604-SG

ISBN: 97604 1997 CP

Author: Bijan Mashayekhi, Charles P. Sturrock, Carole D. Flanigan

$20.00

Available for download

Development of Portable Garnet Blasting Unit for New Shipbuilding

Product Number: 41208-426-SG

Author: B. H. Lee, H. J. Bae, J. J. Baek, C. S. Park, C. S. Lee, S. K. Lee, K. K. Baek, J. C. Kim, P. S. Kim,S. K. Hwang

Publication Date: 2008

$20.00

In this study, a new portable garnet blasting unit targets for weld joints in W.B.T. was developed. The field data clearly indicated that the potable garnet blasting method can be a valuable tool for small damaged area and weld seam in confined area with increase in the blasting productivity by 20%. In order to predict and optimize the pressure drop and air consumption in air blasting system, semi-empirical equations have been developed

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Primer For The Inspection, Testing, And Analysis Of Electrically Continuous Reinforced Concrete Structures

Product Number: 51322-17514-SG

Author: Samuel R. Rivera Jr.

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Population growth in city centers has spurred the expansion and new construction of direct current (DC) powered transit systems throughout the world1. Despite stringent design criteria, quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) monitored construction practices and ongoing track maintenance, it is a fact that DC stray current will eventually occur and negatively impact buried and/or submerged metallic structures immediately adjacent and within the transit right-of-way (ROW)2. In combination with other methods to reduce stray current such as high track-to-earth (TTE) resistance values and shorter distances between substations, transit agencies are specifying the welding of reinforced steel structures within their purview such as retaining walls and footings, approach slabs, aerial inverts, and bridge abutments to prevent stray current from reducing the design life of surrounding metallic
structures.

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Stress Cracking and Fatigue Resistance of Seamless Pipes for Hydrogen Storage and Transport Applications

Product Number: 51323-19050-SG

Author: Florian Thebault, Laurent Delattre, Vincent Designolle

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Hydrogen gas is called to play a key role in the energy transition and initiatives needed for a
decarbonization of the economy. Initially, assets for energy storage and transport were developed and qualified for the purpose of the oil and gas industry, especially natural gas. Repurposing of existing assets for the use of hydrogen gas, or creation of new dedicated hydrogen transport and storage infrastructure, is a great challenge for future hydrogen projects. It includes the qualification of steel materials under
hydrogen gas environment.

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Utilizing Temporary Dehumidification For Long Term Lay-Ups of Shipping Vessels

Product Number: 41210-527-SG

Author: Russ Brown

Publication Date: 2010

$20.00

This paper will discuss the use of temporary desiccant dehumidification and climate control equipment as a strategy to protect ones investment during cold lay up applications in ships. The paper will look at the science of Psychrometrics and discuss how it can be utilized to help predict the optimal conditions needed to effectively control the moisture for an indefinite period of time.

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Double-Loop Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation Test For Precipitation Hardened Nickel Alloy UNS N07725

Product Number: 51321-16793-SG

Author: Maria Sofia Hazarabedian; Katerina Lepkova; Zakaria Quadir; and Mariano Iannuzzi

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Precipitation hardened (PH) nickel alloy UNS N07725 used in oil and gas subsea service have experienced several brittle fractures linked to hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The alloy’s susceptibility to cracking was associated with the precipitation of a Cr- and Mo-rich phase at grain boundaries (GBs). Since the failed components were compliant with the current standards, developing a new quality control test capable of distinguish susceptible microstructures became a priority for the oil and gas industry.

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01331 ZIRCONIUM MEETING THE CHALLENGES OF THE NEW MILLENNIUM

Product Number: 51300-01331-SG

ISBN: 01331 2001 CP

Author: Te-Lin Yau,

$20.00

Available for download

ASH Testing to Confirm Mix Ratio by Volume of Plural Component Applied Material

Product Number: 51324-21133-SG

Author: Steve Liebhart

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Epoxy pipe coatings are often used for coating the exterior of buried pipe for means of corrosion protection and other robust performance characteristics they provide. One class of coatings often used for this service are two-component fast curing epoxy products applied using plural component application equipment. With this type of equipment, both paint components are heated and metered separately, until pumped through a static mixer(s) for mixing just prior to being sprayed. What assurance does an applicator have that their equipment is metering and mixing the materials properly? And how can it be determined with accuracy to provide confidence that the material will perform as advertised? After all, good lab practices ensure that the performance properties of the product were evaluated on correctly metered and mixed materials in a lab. There are a handful of quality control tests that can be performed on field applied coatings, but they are most-all a bit crude and only give you a general idea that the coating looks to be on ratio. Depending on the materials being used and how they are formulated, a more sophisticated approach to evaluate the accuracy of the mixed material is to perform ash testing on cured samples prepared prior to or at the same time as material being applied for service. The ash content value of the mixed/cured material can be used to calculate and verify that the required stoichiometric ratio by volume of the two-component mix was achieved. Having a high degree of confidence that the protective coating applied to the pipe was mixed correctly should provide increased confidence it will perform correctly and do its part in preserving the integrity of the pipeline.

Available for download

98490 ON SITE RUBBER LINING - APPLICATION OF PRECURED AND SELF CURING RUBBER LININGS

Product Number: 51300-98490-SG

ISBN: 98490 1998 CP

Author: J. Fenner

$20.00

Available for download

TM0497-HD2012-SG Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems

Product Number: 21231-HD2012

ISBN: 1-57590-047-5

Publication Date: 2012

$179.00

Testing procedures on a buried or submerged steel, cast iron, copper, or aluminum pipeline. Instrumentation and measurement guidelines. Voltage drop considerations for pipe-to-electrolyte measurements.

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