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Picture for Root Cause Analysis of a 30-inch Water Concrete Reinforced Pipe Rupture
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Root Cause Analysis of a 30-inch Water Concrete Reinforced Pipe Rupture

Product Number: 51319-13060-SG
Author: Alejandrino Ruiz Alvarez
Publication Date: 2019
$20.00

With over 7 decades of wide scale use of concrete reinforced pipe within infrastructure and water utilities in the United States the overall experience has generally been good. However intermittently problems can recur and drastically affect its performance. One such high profile and never the less recurring problem associated with concrete reinforced pipe has been discussed in this paper.In 2012 a rupture occurred on a 30-inch concrete reinforced water main pipe in the Northeastern United States. The 30-inch water main is a prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP). PCCP is a composite pipe material mainly composed of concrete (concrete core) steel cylinder (or steel liner) mortar/concrete coating and prestressed/high-tension wires wrapped around the steel cylinder which is outside of concrete core.Penspen Corporation Houston were contracted by the water main operator to carry out an independent diagnostic Root Cause Analysis (RCA) to determine the probable physical root cause(s) of the concrete reinforced pipe rupture and subsequent functional failure of the water pipe at the failure location and to identify the contributing failure factors.A detailed laboratory program for concrete and steel (wire and sleeve) specimens from both the immediate location of the rupture and locations away from the rupture for testing and comparison was recommended. The tests recommended included: visual inspection comprehensive metallurgical analysis of the material steel properties testing and concrete petrographic analysis.Laboratory test results revealed unusual anomalous corrosion pattern that occurred near the sleeve. The results indicated that the corrosion to the sleeve and wires at the rupture location occurred primarily to the outside surface of the sleeve/wire construct. That is only minor corrosion was noted on the inside surface of the sleeve even near the rupture location. This suggests that the thick outer mortar layer of the pressure pipe had been structurally compromised at some time during its life and ground water had permeated onto the steel sleeve and wire. The test results also showed that the chlorine level was as high as 4.1 weight percent on the corroded wires and 3.0 weight percent on the corroded sleeve. These levels are alarmingly high and far above the levels normally found in soils and therefore they support the fact that crevice corrosion attack occurred over a long time upon the outer surfaces of the sleeve and high strength wires.Following a deductive-inductive analysis the hypothesis “Soil with high dissolved salts (mainly Chlorides)” was identified as the most probable intermediate physical root cause based on evidence obtained and laboratory testing results for this RCA.This paper provides an overview adopted methodology analysis results interpretation for the different stages of this root cause analysis key findings with a discussion of the contributing failure factors and key recommendations to be considered with same service PCCP and external environment.

Picture for 03013 SURFACE TOLERANT COATINGS FOR ONSHORE
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03013 SURFACE TOLERANT COATINGS FOR ONSHORE MAINTENANCE

Product Number: 51300-03013-SG
ISBN: 03013 2003 CP
Author: Neil Wilds
$20.00
Picture for AMPP TM21510-2022, Potentiodynamic Scans: Material Preparation, Data Acquisition and Analysis
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AMPP TM21510-2022, Potentiodynamic Scans: Material Preparation, Data Acquisition and Analysis

Product Number: AMPP TM21510-2022
Publication Date: 2022
$109.00

This standard provides a method for collecting reproducible potentiodynamic data, enabling the comparison of data across various experiments and laboratories. This method is intended for those with experience in potentiodynamic data collection across all of industry and academia. This method has been adapted from Appendix B of MIL-STD-889. Users interested in submitting data for acceptance into MIL-STD-889 shall refer to the latest version of MIL-STD-889

Picture for 11006 Corrosion Initiation Projection for Reinforced Concrete Exposed to Chlorides – Part I: Black B
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11006 Corrosion Initiation Projection for Reinforced Concrete Exposed to Chlorides – Part I: Black B

Product Number: 51300-11006-SG
ISBN: 11006 2011 CP
Author: William H. Hartt
Publication Date: 2011
$20.00
Picture for Protecting Reinforced Concrete Structures With Thermal Sprayed Zinc Anodes
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Protecting Reinforced Concrete Structures With Thermal Sprayed Zinc Anodes

Product Number: 51321-16513-SG
Author: M. Gagné/ C. Martin
Publication Date: 2021
$20.00
Picture for 11106 Performance of Tantalum-Surface Alloy on SS and Multiple Corrosion Resistant Alloys
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11106 Performance of Tantalum-Surface Alloy on Stainless Steel and Multiple Corrosion Resistant Alloys in Laboratory Evaluation of Deep Well Acidizing Environments

Product Number: 51300-11106-SG
ISBN: 11106 2011 CP
Author: Brian Chambers, Ph.D., Anand Venkatesh, Ph.D., and Dean Gambale
Publication Date: 2011
$20.00