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This paper outlines a study to assess existing mechanical and chemical cleaning techniques in oil processing plants, natural gas liquid (NGL), and utility facilities. The cleaning assessment covered the major equipment at crude stabilization units.
Apart from the well-tried cellulosic electrodes, in the range from E6010-E9010, there arealso low hydrogen grades of weld consumables, which are used in vertical downhillposition - commonly called as BVD (Basic Vertical Down) electrodes. In addition, theseamless flux cored wires, are gaining prominence in the welding industry as a bettersolution compared to the conventional cellulosic electrodes.The development of BVD electrodes started because of the desire to use high-strengthTM pipe steels with relatively high toughness (e.g. X80). Cellulosic electrodes could notmeet the requirements for cold crack resistance and high toughness properties of theweld metal. To a high degree, economical efficiency is determined by the achievabledeposition rate and the possible welding speeds. In comparison to basic vertical-upelectrodes, significant time advantage of 40-50% can be achieved with the use of BVDelectrodes for the fill and cap layers.Seamless Flux Cored wires for pipeline applications follow a different manufacturingapproach compared to the conventional folded techniques and are much reliable withconsistent performance in terms of weldability and quality. The seamless FCAW wires,offers a unique and trustworthy solution in terms of arc stability and low defect rates.These wires are also suitable to be used under sour service applications having beentested for Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) and Sulfide Stress Cracking applications.
For too many people, quality is something nebulous and immeasurable. General terms like “craftsman like manner” have been used but with mixed results. What is required is a “team” effort where all parties involved understand not only the scope and desired outcome but also have a means of communicating what is meant by “craftsman like manner”. The impact of one part to the overall approach in advancing quality in coating operations, using qualified contractors, is discussed.