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Before full decarburization can be achieved, the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) suggests an applicable way of combining CO2-producing processes with the carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) chain. Except for permanent CO2 storage, the economics and efficiency of CCUS processes can be further improved by utilizing the CO2 byproduct in other industry areas. One of the promising methods is to use the captured CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (EOR).
Carbon nanotubes are well-known for their ability to improve critical properties of polymeric materials. Our research objective is to quantify the influence of incorporating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) modified with amine, hydroxyl, or epoxy functionalities on the corrosion performance of epoxy amine coatings on steel substrates.
Corrosion inhibitors (CI) are typically evaluated using either short-term electrochemical methods or long-term weight loss methods in laboratory set up. Although electrochemical methods provide fast and real-time corrosion information, corrosion subject matter experts, in general, rely on long term weight loss methods to determine localized corrosion information. These long-term methods include exposure of the metal coupon in a corrosive media under specific field conditions/parameters such as temperature, pressure, wall shear stress, corrosive gas species and test length in the presence of corrosion inhibitor active(s).
Operators desire extended life of offshore facilities, structures and components to improve affordability, and to increase their availability in later years of operation. Whilst maintenance and replacement of topside facilities is possible, critical to this objective is the design and construction of supporting infrastructure and facilities capable of withstanding splash and tidal zone corrosion for the lifetime of the structure with minimum maintenance.
Thermally sprayed aluminum (TSA) is increasingly applied in marine environments as a corrosion mitigation solution but few studies provide quantitative corrosion rate data, from which a lifetime of little or no maintenance can be predicted. A technology review was undertaken to establish current working practice and experience related to the mitigation of splash and tidal zone corrosion. A number of coating systems (thermally sprayed, organic paints and duplex combined thermal spray and paint), currently used in the splash and tidal zone of offshore structures, were identified. Thermal spray coatings with and without aluminum-silicone sealant were prepared and tested in alternate immersion using linear polarisation resistance (LPR) methods. The data were analysed and corrosion rates values were obtained.
The work here is the culmination of many years of prior effort in the development of an atmospheric corrosion model and accompanying sensors. Atmospheric corrosion is a complicated process where many factors interact to determine if it occurs and its severity. These factors can be separated intothree general categories: environmental, surface salts, and materials.
A 2002 study estimated the annual cost associated with corrosion of gas pipelines to be around $5 billion. Corrosion of oil and gas pipelines continues to pose a major issue in the oil and gas industry due to the combination of brine produced with the oil and the type of acid gas present which can lead to significant internal corrosion. Oil and gas reservoirs can be separated into two categories, sweet and sour.
Electrochemical methods have long been utilized to provide real-time corrosion information but have rarely been used to study localized corrosion. Most recently, electrochemical methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic polarization (CP) were investigated to predict pitting tendencies and the work was presented in 2022.
Based on this work, it was proved that CP technique can be used to predict localized corrosion tendency of continuous corrosion inhibitors.
H2S corrosion mechanisms, specifically at high partial pressures of H2S (pH2S), have not been extensively studied because of experimental difficulties and associated safety issues. The current study was conducted under well-controlled conditions at pH2S of 0.05 and 0.096 MPa.
A top-of-line corrosion (TLC) model integrated into a CO2/H2S corrosion prediction model. The TLC model determines the top of the line corrosion rate of carbon steel based on water chemistry and film-wise condensation rate. The effect of various glycols, such as Monoethylene Glycol, Diethylene glycol and Triethylene Glycol, are included.