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Mitigation of corrosion of iron pipe and fittings. Engineering practices for ductile- and cast-iron pipe. Protective measures and their results. Influences of the different properties of the two types of iron.
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HISTORICAL DOCUMENT.
This standard addresses the testing of metals for resistance to cracking failure under the combined action of tensile stress and corrosion in aqueous environments containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S). This phenomenon is generally termed sulfide stress cracking (SSC) when operating at room temperature and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) when operating at higher temperatures. In recognition of the variation with temperature and with different materials this phenomenon is herein called environmental cracking (EC). For the purposes of this standard, EC includes only SSC, SCC, and hydrogen stress cracking (HSC).
Wax coating systems are designed to provide underground pipes with protection against corrosive environments. This standard recommended practice covers surface preparation, material requirements, application, and handling of hot- and cold-applied wax and component wrappers and wax-tape coating systems for the protection of underground pipe, fittings, and valves. This standard is intended for use by corrosion control personnel, design engineers, project managers, purchasers, and construction engineers and managers.
This test method describes a reliable methodology for determining the peel strength of polyolefin-based multilayer pipeline coating systems, generally for coating thickness less than 12 mm (0.47 in). This standard provides a method to measure the peel strength of polyolefin-based multilayer coating systems, such as 2-layer polyethylene coating (2LPE), 3-layer polyethylene (3LPE), 3-layer polypropylene (3LPP), and heat shrink sleeve (HSS) field joint coating. It provides essential information on the quality of the applied coating. This is particularly important for field-applied coatings, of which the application process is significantly impacted by the environmental conditions and the skill set of the field applicators.
The primary intent of this standard is to specify test conditions that would give a baseline evaluation – one that would allow direct performance comparisons between different insulative coatings. This standard is designed to have practical test procedures with limited test conditions. It also includes Appendix A (nonmandatory) which describes hot plate designs, and Appendix B (nonmandatory) which describes an alternative thermal conductivity test design.
International Standard ISO 15156-2:2015 Technical Circular 2-Petroleum and natural gas industries-Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production, Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production —
Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys
TECHNICAL CIRCULAR 1
Published 2021-12-09
Establishes material requirements for resistance to SSC in sour petroleum refining and related processing environments containing H2S either as a gas or dissolved in an aqueous (liquid water) phase with or without the presence of hydrocarbon. This International Standard does not include and is not intended to include design specifications. Other forms of wet H2S cracking, environmental cracking, corrosion, and other modes of failure are outside the scope of this International Standard. It is intended to be used by refiners, equipment manufacturers, engineering contractors, and construction contractors.
Specifically, this International Standard is directed at the prevention of SSC of equipment (including pressure vessels, heat exchangers, piping, valve bodies, and pump and compressor cases) and components used in the refining industry. Prevention of SSC in carbon steel categorized under P-No. 1 in Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) is addressed by requiring compliance with NACE SP0472.
This international standard applies to all components of equipment exposed to sour refinery environments (see Clause 6) where failure by SSC would (1) compromise the integrity of the pressure-containment system, (2) prevent the basic function of the equipment, and/or (3) prevent the equipment from being restored to an operating condition while continuing to contain pressure.
Information, procedures, standards & practices for inspection of coatings and linings on industrial structures. Provides coatings inspectors the resources to perform inspections. Referencees, Appendices, Glossary, Index. 1998 SSPC
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Galvanic anode cathodic protection (CP) for submerged steel surfaces in water supply and fire protection storage tanks. Design and installation of CP systems. Effectiveness evaluation, operation, maintenance.
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. This NACE International standard practice establishes the general principles to be adopted to minimize the effects of stray current corrosion caused by direct current (DC) and/or alternating current (AC) from external sources on steel reinforced concrete (RC) and prestressed concrete (PC) structures or structural elements. The standard practice offers guidance for the design of concrete structures that may be subject to stray-current corrosion; the detection of stray current interference; the selection of protection measures; and the selection of mitigation methods.
Time-tested and proven methods to control corrosion of oil and gas industry infrastructures (pipelines, facilities, and refineries) include the use of appropriate materials, protective coatings, cathodic protection (CP), and corrosion inhibitors.
Criteria for evaluation, qualification, and selection of materials, coatings and application of CP arequantitative and are typically followed rigorously (Table 1). Standards on these quantitative criteria are established, and in many cases have been adopted by regulatory authorities.