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04600 Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion Failure of AISI Type 304 Stainless Steel in a Wastewater Treatment System

Product Number: 51300-04600-SG

ISBN: 04600 2004 CP

Author: Kurissery R. Sreekumari, Kyozo Hirotani, and Yasushi Kikuchi, Osaka University; Katsuya Akamatsu, Ka

Publication Date: 2004

$20.00

The rapid and unexpected failure of AISI type 304 stainless steel in a wastewater treatment system was investigated in the laboratory by simulation studies for a period of 4 months. Slime and water samples from the failure site were screened for corrosion causing bacteria.

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Effect Of Antimicrobial Halophilic Plant Extracts On Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC)

Product Number: 51322-18089-SG

Author: Stein, J.L., Skovhus, T.L., Chaturvedi, T., Thomsen, M.H.

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Offshore oil production facilities are subject to internal corrosion, potentially leading to human and environmental risk and significant economic losses. Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) and reservoir souring are important factors for corrosion-related maintenance costs in the petroleum industry.1 MIC is caused by sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP), which can be Bacteria (SRB) or Archaea (SRA), with the main focus in literature being on SRB.^2–5 The microorganisms most frequently reported in literature to be responsible for MIC are the SRB; Desulfovibrio, Desulfobacter, Desulfomonas, Desulfotomaculum, Desulfobacterium, Desulfobotulus, and Desulfotignum, and methanogens.^2,5

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Synergistic Effect of Magnetite-Enriched Rust Layer and Sulfate Reducing Bacteria on Pipeline Steel Corrosion in Oilfield Produced Water

Product Number: 51324-20769-SG

Author: Victor Malachy Udowo; Fuchun Liu; Maocheng Yan; Peter C. Okafor

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Research shows that microorganisms play a significant role in corrosion of buried steel pipes. Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), a polymer commonly used to enhance oil recovery (EOR) from reservoirs, has been found to benefit microorganisms as a nutrient source, resulting in severe microbial corrosion of steel in the vicinity. Herein, microbial corrosion behavior of carbon steel was examined under active Fe oxide and inert sand deposits in oilfield water containing HPAM and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The electrochemical results show that corrosion rate of the steel under the Fe oxide deposit was generally higher than that under the sand deposit. The steel under the Fe oxide deposit suffered severe pitting assault with wider and deeper pits of about 32.65 µm. In comparison, corrosion severity decreased in the sand-deposited sample (having a maximum pit depth of 11.22 µm). The results demonstrate a synergistic effect between SRB activities and Fe oxide deposits to exacerbate steel corrosion in the oilfield water containing HPAM gel.

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Cold Work Qualification Of UNS N08935 For Use In Chloride And Sour Environment

Product Number: 51322-18080-SG

Author: Karen Picker, Luiza Esteves, Marcelo Senatore

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

UNS N08935 is a new versatile super austenitic alloy with extreme pitting resistance as indicated by its pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN) of 52. It can be used in a broader temperature range than superduplex and hyperduplex stainless steels, offers good weldability and is more cost-effective than Nickel-based materials which make the grade a good candidate for O&G applications, refineries, and chemical industries.^1,2

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51318-10601-On the Predictability of CO2 Pitting Corrosion in Multiphase Gas Pipelines-an Upstream Case Study

Product Number: 51318-10601-SG

Author: Hamed Mansoori / Reza Mirzaee

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

This paper discusses how precipitation of scales and corrosion products on the pipe surface along with other influencing factors contributed to the initiation of pits and finally failure of a wet gas pipeline in a sweet gas field, south of Iran.

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Online Asset and Integrity Monitoring to Enhance Safety, Reliability and Profitability

Product Number: MECC23-20244-SG

Author: Ammar Almousa; William Fazackerley

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Over the past decades cost pressure in oil refining has increased, especially in Europe where the consumption of oil products is decreasing over time. Refineries are investigating ways to increase margin and, given that they account for around 80% of total refinery expenditure, reduction of crude oil cost is a key factor. One way of doing this is to purchase cheaper and generally less desirable crude from global markets.

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AMPP Guide 21532-2023, Guideline for Materials Selection and Corrosion Control for CO2 Transport and Injection

Product Number: AMPP Guide 21532-2023

Publication Date: 2023

$109.00

The purpose of this document is to provide guidance on materials selection and corrosion control for engineers in the design and identification of operating limits for projects that involve CO₂ transport and injection. It should be used as a guide to help identify specific requirements which can be tailored for each project rather than as definitive requirements used straight from the document. References are also made to other relevant documents and standards. The guidance provided for an initial design should help the engineer focus on the most critical issues related to CO₂ transport and injection. It is a rapidly growing subject area and much exploratory technical work is still being executed, and as such this document should be seen as a starting point with future updates and new insights to be expected.

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Localized Corrosion Management For Thermally Insulated Systems Via Insulation Stand-Offs And Low Point Drains

Product Number: 51322-17585-SG

Author: Ahmad Raza Khan Rana, Graham Brigham, Omar Chaar, George Jarjoura

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Corrosion under thermal insulations namely CUI (Corrosion under insulation) is a key degradation process in hydrocarbon facilities which poses asset integrity risks. 1 CUI is reported as the reason behind 40-60% of failures of the process piping in a typical oil refining facility. Speaking smaller-sized process piping (i.e., NPS < 4”), up to 81% of reported failures are known to result from CUI. 2 Monetary spending to inspect and fix CUI-related failures cost 10% of overall maintenance budget in a typical medium-sized oil refinery. 2 CUI risk is influenced by numerous operational and environmental factors which impedes its management in a typical AIM (Asset integrity management) program. The

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04661 Corrosion Induced by Change in Hydrodynamics

Product Number: 51300-04661-SG

ISBN: 04661 2004 CP

Author: C.S. Fang and Bairu Liu, University of Louisiana-Lafayette

$20.00

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08675 Severity of Stress Corrosion Cracks in Pipelines - Categories and Responses

Product Number: 51300-08675-SG

ISBN: 08675 2008 CP

Author: R. R. Fessler, S. C. Rapp, and A. D. Batte

Publication Date: 2008

$20.00

To facilitate decision making when stress corrosion cracks are found during excavations or in-line inspections of pipelines, a hierarchy of crack-severity rankings has been developed, based upon predicted failure pressure as calculated from the crack sizes.

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Mitigation of Caustic Corrosion: Alloy and Process Considerations for High Velocity Thermal Spray Cladding

Product Number: MPWT19-14436

Author: Matthew Robert MacWatters and Iain Stuart Hall

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

The use of High-Velocity Thermal Spray (HVTS) technology has been well adopted for sour conditions; particularly where low, or locally low, pH conditions result in corrosion and shell thinning. High alloy systems resistant to low pH or acidic conditions are effective at providing a metallurgical barrier, protecting the underlying substrate from material loss. Moreover, HVTS processes have also been employed for mitigating environmentally induced cracking (EIC) in sour service. This paper discusses the suitability and performance of modified HVTS alloys for service where high pH general corrosion or caustic cracking (CSCC) may occur. Extensive testing has been undertaken in both ambient and high pressure and temperature autoclave conditions to better understand material performance in caustic environments. While Nickel Alloy 200 and Monel 400 may be deemed appropriate based on traditional material selections, thermal spray process considerations in the material deposition and the impact of ancillary elements in the process stream, such as halides, render these alloys unsuitable. More complex Nickel alloy cladding systems are evaluated in this study with suitable material recommendations for remediation without the deleterious heat impact of welding or to protect surfaces where heat affected zones have been created and post weld heat treatment is problematic.

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EFFECT OF MODELING VARIABLES UPON PROJECTION OF CORROSION INDUCED POST-TENSION TENDON FAILURES

Product Number: 51318-10496-SG

Author: William H. Hartt

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

The present paper reports results of analyses that address the influence of physical and modeling variables upon failure projections.

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Long-Term Corrosion Behavior Of Borated Stainless Steel In Simulated Spent Fuel Pool Environment

Product Number: ED22-17318-SG

Author: Daehyeon Park, Yunju Lee, Junhyuk Ham, Seung Chang Yoo, Kiyoung Kim, Donghee Lee, Yongdeog Kim, Ji Hyun Kim

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Most of countries store spent nuclear fuels in pools (SFP) which are built in nuclear power plants. As number of nuclear power plants and corresponding number of spent fuels increased, density in SFP storage rack also increased. In this regard, maintain subcriticality of spent nuclear fuels was raised as an issue and BSS was selected as structural material and neutron absorber for high density storage rack. BSS has better mechanical properties than other neutron absorbers which were fabricated based on aluminum alloys.

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Performance of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys in Acidic Chloride Solutions containing Bleach

Product Number: 51323-19338-SG

Author: Ling Chen, Vinay Deodeshmukh, Ajit Mishra

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Bleach is widely used domestically or industrially in many fields. For example in water treatment, bleach is a very effective additive for disinfection and odor control. It is used for treating polluted water containing organic contaminates and waterborne pathogens.

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Developing Vapor Phase Corrosion Inhibitors for Aluminum Alloys in Ethylene Glycol Coolant Solutions

Product Number: 51324-20382-SG

Author: Behzad Bavarian; Lisa Reiner

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Different vapor phase corrosion inhibitors were evaluated to determine their corrosion inhibition for aluminum alloys in Ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) coolant mixture. When the temperature exceeds 80°C, ethylene glycol can decompose into organic acids. The resulting acidic environments cause severe localized corrosion of aluminum alloys. The corrosion behavior was studied at multiple temperatures in different corrosion inhibitors using different concentrations. Corrosion inhibitor VCI-A, VCI-B, VCI-C, and VCI-D at 2.5-3.0% dosage showed excellent corrosion protection. VCI-A, VCI-C and VCI-D maintained a steady, low corrosion rate during long term exposure by neutralizing pH and forming a hydrophobic film. They increase the polarization resistance by a significant factor, therefore, lowered corrosion rate. VCI-B inhibitor, also showed the ability to reduce the corrosion rate of aluminum in ethylene glycol solutions. However, due to its high pH chemistry, the effective dosage should be maintained at <2.5% to avoid any potential increase in pH that can promote localized corrosion or under-deposit corrosion attacks of aluminum alloys. The results of this investigation demonstrated that these inhibitors can lower the corrosion rate in water-ethylene glycol solutions by neutralizing pH and forming stable films.

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Evaluating Corrosion Under Protective Coatings for Steel in Marine Environments

Product Number: 51317--9005-SG

ISBN: 9005 2017 CP

Author: James Ellor

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Destructive physical inspection for corrosion under protective coatings post-exposure suggests that significant metal loss may be occurring in the absence of a visual indication and that actual corrosion/material loss does not correlate with the visual inspection data.

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Toward a Preliminary Mechanistic Understanding of Co-Evaporation and Co-Condensation of Top-of-the-Line Corrosion Inhibitors

Product Number: 51324-20605-SG

Author: Wei Zhang; David Orta; Ian Gilbert; Alyn Jenkins

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The mass transfer of continuously injected corrosion inhibitor (a complex organic mixture) for top-of-the-line corrosion (TLC) mitigation has been the subject of multiple research topics. These include the evaluation of the initial atomization of the inhibitor and the partitioning characteristics between the liquid and gas phases, as well as the effective performance of inhibitors at various distances from the injection point. However, current TLC modeling programs do not account for these effects, and a significant gap currently exists between the requirements of TLC inhibitors and accurate TLC modeling with corrosion inhibitors. To build a foundation for a mechanistic understanding of the mass transfer of TLC inhibitors, this paper reviews the recent progress in the study of the co-evaporation and co-condensation of organic mixtures with surfactants. During the evaporation and condensation process, a new phase is created. This paper discusses the use of surface tension as a promising new TLC inhibitor evaluation criterion, in addition to overall volatility, to improve TLC models.

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Corrosion: The Destructive Stowaway on Marine Vessels Determining the Cost-Benefit of Protecting Marine Coating Systems

Product Number: 41215-930-SG

Author: E. Bud Senkowski

Publication Date: 2015

$20.00

Marine coating systems installed aboard commercial and military vessels are exposed to extremely aggressive environmental conditions during maritime operation. A key element in prolonging the useful life of any ship, both commercial and military, lies in the selection and installation of cost-effective corrosion control methods and materials at newbuild.

Power Industry Corrosion Concepts e-Course

Product Number: PowerGenOnline

$199.00

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51318-11450-EVALUATION OF THE STRESS CORROSION CRACKING OF DIFFERENT CRAS IN SOUR WELL ENVIRONMENT.

Product Number: 51318-11450-SG

Author: P.Esteban / Alejandra López / B.Calleja

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

This paper shows the results of the stress corrosion cracking evaluation of two different austenitic corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs), N08028 and N08825 under different conditions of temperature and pressure of H2S and CO2.

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CorrCompilation: Mechanism of CO2 Corrosion, Volume 2 (e-book)

Product Number: 37627-E

ISBN: 978-1-57590-355-2

Author: Sudhakar Mahajanam

Publication Date: 2017

$126.00

Second of 2-volume set on carbon dioxide corrosion mechanism. Collection of technical articles & conference papers over 30 years. How the metallurgical & microstructural aspects of steel play a role in this corrosion mechanism. 2017 NACE E-Book

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06242 CORROSION TESTING IN EVAPORATOR LIQUORS

Product Number: 51300-06242-SG

ISBN: 06242 2006 CP

Author: Angela Wensley

$20.00

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Corrosion Inhibitor Surfactant Optimization: Part 1 - Inhibitor Efficiency Approach

Product Number: 51322-18043-SG

Author: Richard C. Woollam, Yasmin Hayatgheib, Joshua Owen, Richard Barker

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Corrosion inhibitors provide a critical barrier to internal corrosion, presenting the most cost-effective form of mitigation and enabling operators to use carbon steel where it would otherwise be impractical. The correct selection and validation of inhibitors is essential to ensure successful field deployment, providing safe and reliable operation. However, the selection and optimization of a corrosion inhibitor for a particular field application is not trivial.

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11017 Bolt Corrosion Prevented by Corrosion-Inhibiting Spray-On Thermoplastic

Product Number: 51300-11017-SG

ISBN: 11017 2011 CP

Author: Timothy J. Davison, Michael W. Joosten and Iain Matheson

Publication Date: 2011

$20.00

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The Corrosion of Duplex Stainless Steels: A Practical Guide for Engineers

Product Number: 37636-pdf

ISBN: 978-1-57590-459-7

Author: Roger Francis

Publication Date: 2018

$150.00

Since the 1980s, a range of duplex stainless steels (DSSs) has been developed that have higher alloy content, and therefore greater corrosion resistance and strength. The commonly used DSSs have good corrosion resistance in a wide range of environments and excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Their high strength and hardness also gives them excellent resistance to both erosion corrosion and cavitation. There are also cast versions of many of the duplex compositions and these have seen extensive use for pumps, valves, and other equipment.

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Microbiological Influenced Corrosion (MIC) in Florida Marine Environment

Product Number: 51317--9536-SG

ISBN: 9536 2017 CP

Author: Mayrén Echeverría Boan

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

A preliminary research to identify the possible susceptibility of a case study marine bridge infrastructure to MIC is the main objective. This will be supported by determining the bacteria, nutrient levels, environmental conditions and other factors that could support MIC.

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Fundamental Mechanisms of Mild Steel Corrosion in H2S Containing Environments

Product Number: 51319-12875-SG

Author: Aria Kahyarian

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The current understanding of the corrosion mechanisms in H2S containing environments considers the direct electrochemical reduction of H2S as the main contribution of this species to the corrosion process. Such an argument has been developed based on the distinctive behavior of cathodic polarization curves in H2S containing solutions as compared to the behavior observed in the solutions of strong acids or those in presence of other weak acids such as carboxylic acids and carbonic acid. The direct reduction of H2S is generally associated with the observation of a “double wave” in a cathodic polarization curve. In the present study the mechanism of cathodic currents in H2S containing acidic solutions was studied theoretically through a comprehensive mathematical model. The model includes a mechanistic description of main processes including mass transfer chemical reactions and electrochemical reactions. A quantitative analysis based on this model showed that all the characteristic behaviors previously associated with the direct reduction of H2S including the “double wave” behavior can be explained based on the homogeneous chemical dissociation of H2S as a weak acid and hydrogen ion reduction as the sole cathodic reaction. This analysis suggests that H2S is not a significant electroactive species and its main contribution to the corrosion process is through its buffering ability as a weak acid similar to other weak acids such as carboxylic acids and carbonic acid. In order to validate these mechanistic observations the results from this model were compared to existing experimental data from the open literature. The model was found to be able to capture the main characteristic experimental behaviors with reasonable accuracy further supporting this mechanistic argument.

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Learning from Failure: The Key to Advancements in Metallurgy and Corrosion

Product Number: 51324-21152-SG

Author: Anil Kumar Chikkam; Aaron Ulmer; Edward Larkin; Mehrooz Zamanzadeh

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

In the field of metallurgy and corrosion, it is of paramount importance to acknowledge that no failure should ever be underestimated or dismissed as trivial. Each failure carries its own unique narrative and offers invaluable insights into the underlying causes and potential risks. This paper emphasizes the utmost significance of understanding and analyzing metallurgical failures, irrespective of their perceived severity. By meticulously examining every failure as an individual case, substantial lessons can be derived, leading to advancements in designs, materials, and manufacturing processes. Through meticulous investigations and the application of failure analysis techniques, the intricate stories concealed within each failure can be unraveled. These comprehensive analyses provide crucial information for identifying root causes and establishing preventive measures. The paper presents compelling case studies that exemplify the consequences arising from insufficient knowledge on material selection, neglecting stress raisers, mishandling of materials, and the absence of robust inspection plans. These failures range from production losses to fatal incidents, underscoring the criticality of learning from past experiences and implementing proactive measures to avert such occurrences.

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04110 Comparison of Corrosion Resistance of Nickel-base Alloys for OCTG's and Mechanical Tubing in Severe Sour Service Conditions

Product Number: 51300-04110-SG

ISBN: 04110 2004 CP

Author: Edward L. Hibner and Brett C. Puckett, Special Metals Corporation; John Patchell, Corrosion Resistan

$20.00

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Self-Stratifying Coatings - The Next Generation in Performance

Product Number: 41211-585-SG

Author: Arun Asarawala, Pete Mackulin, Randy Krafcik, Dave Klimovich

Publication Date: 2011

$20.00

This paper will focus on the advancement of waterborne acrylic coatings that features self-stratifying technology which significantly advances performance of color and gloss retention. Various analytical methods were used to verify stratification. Magnified cross sections of the coating film will show the layered effect and discussion of how these multiple micro-paint layers outperform standard acrylics. An overview of performance testing will be presented to demonstrate the value of this technology and how it contributes to longer lifecycle costs and lower overall project costs.

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NACE-ASTM G193-2022, Standard Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion

Product Number: G193-2022

Publication Date: 2022

$82.00

This joint NACE/ASTM standard defines commonly used terms in the field of corrosion as agreed by a joint NACE/ASTM committee. It includes words and acronyms for corrosion-related expressions.

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On The Performance Of UNS S32100 vs N08825 Expansion Compensator Materials In Geothermal Applications

Product Number: 51322-17790-SG

Author: Keith Lichti, Soroor Ghaziof

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Geothermal fluid pipelines experience temperature changes on startup and shutdown that can be of the order 300 °C. Carbon steel pipeline design can include expansion loops and direction changes to allow for thermal expansion and contraction for the long lengths of pipeline commonly used from geothermal production wells to the geothermal power station and from the station to reinjection wells. In some instances, expansion compensators are used where there is insufficient area for such loops or where the pipe diameter is prohibitively large.

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Corrosion of Copper in Anoxic Groundwater Inoculated with Sulfate Reducing Bacteria and Methanogens

Product Number: 51317--9355-SG

ISBN: 9355 2017 CP

Author: Leena Carpen

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

In Finland, nuclear waste will be disposed in a geological repository in copper canisters. Here, biotic and abiotic mesocosms, containing copper coupons and an artificial groundwater at 10 °C under argon atmosphere. Sulfate reducing bacteria and methanogens were added to the biotic experiments.

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51318-10615-Galvanic Corrosion Risk Assessment of Bolt Materials in ASTM A1010 Steel Bridges

Product Number: 51318-10615-SG

Author: Nafiseh Ebrahimi / Jieying Zhang / Bruce Baldock / David Lai

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

Galvanic coupling corrosion risk between connection bolt materials and ASTM A1010 structural steel. ASTM A1010 has recently emerged for the construction of more corrosion-resistant bridges.

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06347 Current Progress in Corrosion Inhibition of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete using Migrating Corrosion Inhibitors

Product Number: 51300-06347-SG

ISBN: 06347 2006 CP

Author: Bezad Bavarian, Lisa Reiner

$20.00

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07423 Control of Relaxation Cracking in Austenitic High Temperature Components

Product Number: 51300-07423-SG

ISBN: 07423 2007 CP

Author: Hans Van Wortel

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

The research was focused to assess the key factors concerning relaxation cracking and how to control it. It included the effect of chemical composition of the base materials (both Fe and Ni base alloys), heat to heat variation, grain size, cold deformation, welding, operating temperature and heat treatments.

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Studying Impact on Variation of Scribe Method in Accelerated Corrosion Testing

Product Number: 51323-19351-SG

Author: James D. Begley, Victor Georgic, Suprita Jharimune, Qi Zheng

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Accelerated testing of corrosion-resistant coatings is a critical tool used in the development of protective coatings. Tests such as ASTM B117, ISO 12944, ISO 9227, etc. are commonly used to predict the long-term viability of these coatings in exposure times of months rather than years or even decades. While this type of testing gives meaningful results and is essential to the research and development of new technology, results can often be hard to accurately analyze due to the levels of variability inherent to accelerated testing.

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Crude Unit Corrosion Guide

Product Number: 37612-pdf

ISBN: 978-1-57590-453-5

Author: Joerg Gutzeit

Publication Date: 2016

$127.00

Written for Plant Operators, Process Engineers, Metallurgists, Maintenance Engineers, Inspectors, and all others who deal with crude unit corrosion and fouling. Based on industrial experience and reflects Industry’s consensus 2016 NACE, API

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Development of Eco-friendly Chromium Electrodeposit for Corrosion Resistance in Chloride-containing Environment

Product Number: 51323-19027-SG

Author: Bright O. Okonkwo, Chaewon Jeong, Taejeong An, Hyun Joon Eom, Changheui Jang

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Overtime, chromium has traditionally been used as a surface coating in numerous industrial application such as automotive and general engineering products because of its excellent wear resistance, low coefficient of friction, high resistance to hear and corrosion. Owing to its advantages, several deposition methods have been developed to coat Cr on different surfaces such as plasma nitriding, vapor deposition, physical coating spray, electrodeposition and others. Among these techniques, electrodeposition stands out because of its simple and versatile approach to producing Cr deposit under ambient temperature and normal pressure, with benefits of low cost, high deposition rate, good homogeneity of coating thickness, and intriguing ability to coat substrates of complicated geometrical forms.

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51318-11085-Comparison of corrosion behaviour of X65 steels in water-containing supercritical CO2 environments with NO2/O2

Product Number: 51318-11085-SG

Author: Yong Hua / Richard Barker / Anne Neville

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

Corrosion experiments on X65 carbon steel in water-saturated supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) and under-saturated SC-CO2 conditions at 80 bar and 35°C in the absence and presence of various combinations of NO2 and O2 ranging from 0-100 ppm and 0-1000 ppm, respectively.

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Corrosion Inhibitor Surfactant Optimization: Part 2 – Adsorption Kinetics Approach

Product Number: 51322-18045-SG

Author: Richard C. Woollam, Joshua Owen, Yasmin Hayatgheib, Richard Barker

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In the first paper, a mixture design matrix of a homologous series of alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chlorides (BAC) was used to assess the performance and facilitate optimization of a mixed surfactant corrosion inhibitor system based on surface coverage and steady state inhibited corrosion rate.¹ In this second paper, the approach is extended to include adsorption kinetic analysis, as demonstrated in Woollam and Betancourt for a first-order Langmuir kinetic model.²

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Electrochemical Evaluation of the Localized Corrosion Susceptibility of Ni Based Precipitation Hardening Alloys in Supercritical Sour Gas Service Conditions

Product Number: 51324-20426-SG

Author: Raymundo Case; Lei Zhao; Yuan Ding; Jason Ren; Tin Dunne

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This study evaluates the susceptibility to localized corrosion of alloys UNS N06625 and N07725 in both supercritical and subcritical CO2 with H2S present. Electrochemical experiments were performed at 200 °C, with CO2 present in both supercritical at 1500 psi and sub critical (450 psi) conditions, the H2S content was up to 10% mol and chloride concentration in the brine up to 25000 ppm, the test are performed with 1 g/l of S. The results in this study, indicate that the performance of both alloys in supercritical CO2 phase with H2S, show an extremely high anodic dissolution rate. This behavior is attributed to the formation of NiCO3 and NiS. The H2S content within the supercritical CO2 phase can support a high cathodic reaction rate through the S reduction reaction, which is incorporated in the passive layer to form Ni sulfides, this creates a passive layer susceptible to pitting at high Cl- content.

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Intellisyn™ - A New Class Of Multifunctional Smart Particles For Advanced Corrosion Protection

Product Number: 51322-17959-SG

Author: Benjamin Pearman, Xuejun Zhang, Dillon Campbell, Victoria Scarborough, Stephen Dickey

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Left unprotected, metals corrode quickly which over time contributes to the loss of structural integrity and the failure of buildings, bridges, oil & gas platforms, airplanes, cars and many other metal assets, all of which pose a risk to human safety and the surrounding environment. In 2016, the National Association for Corrosion Engineers (NACE) – now known as AMPP – published a landmark study, well-known to those attending this conference, that estimated the direct cost of corrosion to the world economy as $2.5T per year, equivalent to 3.4% of the Gross World Product (1). In the United States, the annual cost of corrosion is estimated at 3.1% of gross domestic product (2), equivalent to $635B (2018). When including indirect costs, such as asset downtime, ship dry-docking and the impact of bridge collapses, the cost of corrosion is estimated at twice that amount.

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04252 Cost of Corrosion in Military Equipment

Product Number: 51300-04252-SG

ISBN: 04252 2004 CP

Author: Gerhardus H. Koch, CC Technologies

$20.00

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04514 Stress-Assisted Corrosion in Recovery Boilers

Product Number: 51300-04514-SG

ISBN: 04514 2004 CP

Author: Robert E. Hargrave and Mel J. Esmacher, GE Betz; Norris Johnston, Hercules

$20.00

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(Mg Rich Primer-Powder Topcoat) Coating System for the Corrosion Protection of Al Alloys

Product Number: 51217-052-SG

Author: Junren Lin, Casey Orgon, Dante Battocchi, Gordon P. Bierwagen

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Aluminum alloys are widely used in engineering structures and components due to their light weight and excellent mechanical properties. However, the alloying elements which contribute to the good mechanical properties also make the alloy prone to localized corrosion. One of the most common and economic approaches to protect Al alloys from corrosion is to apply coatings as protective layers. For example, powder coatings and magnesium-rich primers (MgRP) are both widely used for the corrosion protection of Al alloys.

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