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Erosion/Corrosion of Duplex Stainless Steel in Sweet Production with Sand Versus CaCO3

Product Number: 51323-19394-SG

Author: Anass S. Nassef, Michael W. Keller, Siamack A. Shirazi

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

In the Oil and Gas industry, carbon steel tubing, piping and process equipment may be susceptible to erosion-corrosion damage due to the erosive and corrosive nature of the flow. To minimize the harsh effects and costly losses of erosion-corrosion, corrosion resistance alloys (CRAs) and corrosion inhibitors are commonly used. CRAs such as stainless steels, nickel and titanium alloys have excellent CO2 corrosion resistance.

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Corrosion Fatigue and Chloride-Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking in Sulfur Recovery Units

Product Number: 51324-20691-SG

Author: Saud I Al Otaibi; Mohamud Farah

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Sulfur Recovery units (SRUs) are widely used in the oil and gas industry to recover sulfur from refined products and acid gas waste from the natural gas process. This involves routing acid gas rich in hydrogen sulfide through a reaction furnace to produce molten sulfur in a thermal Claus reaction. Central to the operation of the SRUs is the Sulfur storage pit, which is an underground high depth structure used to temporarily store sulfur product before shipment. Sulfur pits contain a range of critical equipment and piping, such as sulfur product pumps and steam coils.The pumps are crucial for shipping the sulfur product, while the steam coils are used for maintaining the molten sulfur temperature between 270-280 °F to prevent solidification and higher sulfur viscosity. Consequently, any impact to the integrity of this equipment impacts the unit’s operational efficiency or worse, leads to total unit shutdown. This equipment is susceptible to a range of damage mechanisms resulting from both operational conditions, such as sulfuric acid corrosion and environmental cracking, resulting from steam leakage and ground water seepage respectively. This paper investigates sulfuric acid corrosion and corrosion fatigue — in sulfur pumps — resulting from the synergistic effects of both dynamic loading and chloride-induced pitting corrosion. The steam coils in the pit were also found to suffer from both sulfuric acid corrosion and chloride stress corrosion cracking. These damage mechanisms were determined following extensive metallurgical analysis of samples recovered from the pit. Furthemore, laboratory compositional analysis from various samples collected from the pumps and the pits showed significant quantity of sodium chloride, resulting from ground water ingress alongside corrosion, and cementitious products, such as iron sulfide, quartz – SiO2 and iron sulfate. These findings, alongside sample results of the post-inspection findings for the sulfur recovery unit pit and equipment, will be highlighted and discussed. Effective mitigations, including the use of permanent dewatering, will also be discussed.

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96145 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN METHODS TO AID BOILER TUBE LIFE PREDICTION

Product Number: 51300-96145-SG

ISBN: 96145 1996 CP

Author: D.B. Meadowcroft, A. B. Tomkings

$20.00

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51318-11236-Using Electrochemical Noise to Elucidate the Mechanisms involved in Localized Corrosion – A Review

Product Number: 51318-11236-SG

Author: Helmuth Sarmiento Klapper

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

Passive layer stability and breakdown, metastable pitting and stable pit growth in stainless steels. Also, the benefits and challenges of using electrochemical noise for studying localized corrosion of stainless steels.

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07565 Effect of Mercaptans and Other Organic Sulfur Species on High Temperature Corrosion in Crude and Condensate Distillation Units

Product Number: 51300-07565-SG

ISBN: 07565 2007 CP

Author: J. D. Jong, A. Saunders-Tack, M. Sargent, A. M. Etheridge, W. C. Fort, and N. Dowling

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

The corrosivity of four mercaptans and selected crude oil fractions were measured in lab tests. Conclusion: Mercaptan corrosion can contribute significantly to the total sulfur related corrosion in the temperature range 235–300°C, which agrees with observations of elevated temperature corrosion in refinery distillation equipment.

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Corrosion and Materials Fundamentals for Engineers in Wastewater Treatment Plants & Collection Systems, 3rd Edition (E-book)

Product Number: 37609-E

ISBN: 978-1-57590-327-9

Author: David C. Bennett and Robert A. (Randy) Nixon

Publication Date: 2016

$105.00

For engineers and maintenance personnel who design, operate, and maintain large, multi–stage wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) Basics of corrosion of metals and degradation of non–metals, including concrete, and how to mitigate them. 3rd edition 2016 NACE E-Book

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TR3T199-2020, Techniques for Monitoring and Measuring Corrosion and Related Parameters in Field Applications

Product Number: TR3T199-2020

Publication Date: 2020

$109.00

Revised in 2020! Assessment of corrosion in the field is complex because of the variety of applications, process conditions, and fluid phases that exist in industrial plants where corrosion occurs. A wide range of direct and indirect measurement techniques is available, but each technique has its strengths and weaknesses. In some applications, certain techniques cannot be used. Some techniques can be used online, while others are used off-line. Commonly, more than one technique is used so the weaknesses of one are compensated for by the strengths of another. In other cases, a combination of different techniques can be synergistic, such as process sampling along with detection of corrosion upset.

The purpose of this technical committee report is to analyze the various techniques with respect to their benefits and limitations across the broad spectrum of industries in which they are used.

This revision incorporates Guided Wave Monitoring (GWM), On-Line Gas Chromatography (GC), and Acoustic Solid Detection (ASD) techniques and updates references to NACE standards.

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51314-4123-Corrosion Assessment, Corrosion Allowance and Integrity Management A Risk Based Methodoloy

Product Number: 51314-4123-SG

ISBN: 4123 2014 CP

Author: Binder Singh, Ioana C. Grigorescu, Qiang Zeng

Publication Date: 2014

$20.00

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Performance Of Additively Manufactured Alloy 718 In Sour Service

Product Number: 51322-18029-SG

Author: Liu Cao, Christopher Taylor

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Alloy UNS N07718 (hereafter abbreviated as 718) is one of the most versatile precipitation-hardened nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloys (CRAs) used for both surface and sub-sea components in oil and gas production service. API 6ACRA¹ provides heat treatment windows and acceptance criteria for 718 in these oil and gas production environments, in which the heat treatment is intended to obtain high strength and to minimize the formation of δ-phase at grain boundaries. As pointed out in NACE MR0175 Part 3² (Table 1), field failures of 718 components in sour service are primarily related to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) at elevated temperatures and hydrogen embrittlement in the lower temperature range. The latter is specifically called galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking (GHSC or GIHSC), which is typically caused by atomic hydrogen uptake from galvanic corrosion or cathodic protection (CP) when 718 is used with steel components in a seawater environment. CP is normally used to protect steel component from corrosion in subsea environments.

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Electrochemical Noise Measurements for Assessing Level of Corrosion Protection Being Afforded by a Coating to External Metal Structures Using a Hand-Held Portable Device

Product Number: 51318-10860-SG

Author: Michael T. Woldemedhin / Chi Lee / Brian Skerry / Douglas J. Mills

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

A portable electrochemical noise measuring device has recently been developed to evaluate the corrosion-protective properties of anti-corrosive coatings in-service.

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NACE Publication 08113-2013-SG, "Corrosion Problems and Renewal Technologies in Municipal Wastewater Systems"

Product Number: 24251-SG

Publication Date: 2013

$109.00

The problem of corrosion in wastewater structures. Renewal technologies for rehabilitation, repair, and replacement of existing systems, structures, and components.

Available for download

Biocide Storage Tank Internal Corrosion And A Mitigation Strategy – A Case Study

Product Number: 51322-17906-SG

Author: Ayman A. Alabdullatif, Rakan A. Al-Shebil, Wakeel Ahmad

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Variability of operation and practices can lead to mechanical integrity issues of equipment. A similar case was observed when an external UT survey was conducted on a biocide storage tank that showed localized areas of metal loss in the tank wall. The tank was opened for inspection and extensive internal corrosion damage was observed mainly in the form of large isolated pits. Three potential corrosion mitigation options were evaluated: upgrading the tank material from coated carbon steel to 316 stainless steel, installing a non-metallic lining, or keeping using the coated carbon steel and changing the operation practices. Each mitigation option was evaluated based integrity, feasibility, and economic factors. It was found that keeping the coated carbon steel and adjusting the operation practices can ensure the integrity of the tank while lowering the required economical investment. As such, a new operation manual was issued for the biocide storage tanks that ensured that the corrosion inducing environments are avoided.

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04248 Corrosion in Alkaline Pulping Liquors

Product Number: 51300-04248-SG

ISBN: 04248 2004 CP

Author: Angela Wensley, Angela Wensley Engineering Inc.

$20.00

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Corrosion Of Open-Cell Aluminum Foams In Natural Seawater

Product Number: 51321-16926-SG

Author: Alessandro Pereyra; Rogine Gomez; Ho Lun Chan; Vilupanur Ravi

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Available for download

CORROSION 75th Anniversary Compilation

Product Number: 32143-001-SG

Author: Frank Speller / Milton Stern/ M.B. Whiteman / A.R. Troiano / C. de Waard / D.E. Milliams / G.S. Frankel / L. Stockert / F. Hunkeler / H. Boehni / U. Lotz / M.B. Kermani / A. Morshed /M. Henthorne

Publication Date: 2019

$150.00

As CORROSION journal celebrates 75 years of corrosion mitigation and control research in 2019, we offer a selection of articles by decade. These articles remain the most viewed research articles of their respective decade, highlighting important topics, experimental methods and discussions surrounding the pertinent research of the day, and they continue to provide intelligence, perspective and insights for today’s corrosion research.

Available for download

Introduction to Zero VOC High Performance Waterborne Epoxy Systems in Industrial Protective Coating Application

Product Number: 51217-084-SG

Author: Yong Zhang

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Coatings designed for heavy duty applications in the Maintenance and Protective Coatings market are exposed to aggressive environments such as aggressive chemical solvents, marine atmospheres, UV light, abrasion, among others. In the US as well as other areas of the world, coatings designed for these applications have been primarily solvent borne.

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Galvanic Interactions Between Surface Layers And Bare Carbon Steel In Aqueous CO2 Environments

Product Number: 51322-17654-SG

Author: Joshua Owen, Francois Ropital, Gaurav R. Joshi, Jean Kittel

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In aqueous carbon dioxide (CO₂)-saturated environments, such as those found in geothermal energy, oil and gas and carbon abatement industries, various naturally occurring layers can be found on the internal surface of carbon steel infrastructure, such as pipelines, as they corrode in the mildly acidic conditions. Amongst the most commonly found layers are iron carbonate (FeCO₃), iron carbide (Fe₃C) and magnetite (Fe₃O₄). FeCO₃ can offer corrosion protection to the underlying steel when formed under certain conditions, as too can Fe₃O₄. Fe₃C is typically associated with enhancement of electrochemical activity of carbon steel and is revealed due to preferential dissolution of ferrite in the steel microstructure – through the formation of a porous network at the steel surface. Each of these layers play a fundamental role in the uniform and localized corrosion of the underlying carbon steel.

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51316-7165-Investigation of Under Deposit Corrosion (UDC) in Halfdan Production Tubulars

Product Number: 51316-7165-SG

ISBN: 7165 2016 CP

Author: Asbjorn Andersen

Publication Date: 2016

$20.00

Based on tubulars retrieved from Halfdan producing wells with low CO2 and H2S content an under deposit corrosion mechanism has been suggested involving multiple parameters including scale buildup microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) and the formation of green rust.

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51318-11541-Corrosion of Casing Vapor Recovery System in Steam Flooding Operation

Product Number: 51318-11541-SG

Author: Kehinde M. Ogun

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

Corrosion problems in casing vapor recovery system in a steam recovery processes to optimize corrosion management, considering maintenance, mitigation, inspections, material selection and cost-effective solutions.

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The Development Of Environmentally Acceptable Corrosion Inhibitors For Sour Applications

Product Number: 51322-18006-SG

Author: Jody Hoshowski, Alyn Jenkins, Rolando Perez Pineiro

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The decomposition process of ancient marine species in the seabed for millions of years coupled with the presence of specific geological conditions such as high pressures and temperatures led to the formation of what is known today as fossil fuels. For this reason, they can be found either on the earth's surface where ancient seas were located or beneath the seabed. Considering that the ocean covers three-quarters of the Earth's surface the offshore oil and natural gas exploration entail an enormous economic and strategic benefit.¹

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51316-7259-Validation of Internal Corrosion Threat Guidelines for Dry Natural Gas Pipelines

Product Number: 51316-7259-SG

ISBN: 7259 2016 CP

Author: Xihua He

Publication Date: 2016

$20.00

This study collected and analyzed field data to validate the probabilistic model developed previously for predicting internal corrosion threats resulting from condensed water from nominally dry natural gas.

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Effect Of Relative Humidity And Galvanic Couples On Stress Corrosion Cracking Of High-Strength Aluminum Alloys

Product Number: 51322-18015-SG

Author: L. Agnew, B. Clark, V. Avance, F. Friedersdorf

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

High-strength aerospace aluminum alloys, such as AA7075-T651, are susceptible to environmental assisted cracking (EAC) under the right combinations of stress, environment, and microstructure. EAC presents a serious risk to structures and equipment operated in corrosive conditions. Studies of EAC in aluminum alloys have highlighted the importance of both anodic dissolution and hydrogen embrittlement to EAC initiation and propagation.^1–4 The EAC response of alloys under variable atmospheric conditions is of particular importance for assessing material performance for aerospace applications.

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Coating Response to Cathodic Polarization of Nanoparticle Enriched Epoxy Primer in Aqueous Solution

Product Number: 51217-042-SG

Author: Saiada Fuadi Fancy, Md Ahsan Sabbir, Mayrén Echeverria Boán, Kingsley Lau, Dale DeFord

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

A nanoparticle enriched epoxy primer (NPE-ZRP) and conventional zinc-rich primer (ZRP) were tested to identify the benefits of nanoparticles for coating durability and corrosion mitigation. An intentional defect was introduced to the coating to expose the steel substrate. Samples were exposed to open circuit potential (OCP) and -1100 mVSCE polarization regime for 30 days in 3.5% (w/w) NaCl aqueous solution.

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51317--9765-Differences in Fireside Corrosion Under Simulated Char and Lignite Conditions

Product Number: 51317--9765-SG

ISBN: 9765 2017 CP

Author: Mathias Galetz

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Fireside corrosion is a serious concern for power generation industry since the harsh conditions lead to an accelerated corrosive attack of plant components. This study aims to investigate the fireside corrosion behavior of different metals under char and lignite conditions and with increased amount of chlorine and potassium.

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02431 CORROSION FATIGUE OF STEEL IN SEAWATER

Product Number: 51300-02431-SG

ISBN: 02431 2002 CP

Author: Torfinn Havn and Harald Osvoll

$20.00

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97435 Experimental Study of the Erosion-Corrosion of Copper and Copper- Nickel Alloys Using a Submerged Impinging Jet

Product Number: 51300-97435-SG

ISBN: 97435 1997 CP

Author: Paul T. Wojcik, Mark E. Orazem

Publication Date: 1997

$20.00

An experimental method is described for the electrochemical and visual monitoring of erosion corrosion of copper and copper-nickel alloys in a synthetic sea water environment. An impinging jet cell was designed to accommodate electrochemical instrumentation and video microscopy equipment. A combination of electrochemical techniques includlng corrosion potential monitoring and impedance spectroscopy are utilized.

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Novel Low-Cost Sample Holder Prevents Crevice Corrosion in Pitting Corrosion Tests

Product Number: 51323-19081-SG

Author: Edgar C. Hornus, Martín A. Rodríguez, Mariano A. Kappes

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

For many corrosion-resistant alloys (CRA´s), crevice corrosion under gaskets, paint or O-rings required to define the exposed area and avoid solution contact with electrical connections interferes with measurements of the critical pitting potential (EPIT). This undesired and uncontrolled crevice corrosion occurs at a lower potential than the one for the onset of pitting corrosion. Many approaches have been used to avoid this artifact.

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51318-10918-Control of Corrosion Inhibitor Fouling in Highly Sour System

Product Number: 51318-10918-SG

Author: Sonja Richter / Jay Locklear / Mohsen Achour / Thomas Baugh / Probjot Singh / Ross Goff

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

Black tar-like fouling material was driving frequent shut-downs of a gas plant. Analysis indicated that the nitrogen containing corrosion inhibitor (CI) polymerized with sulfur compounds in a vulcanization process. Testing confirmed the role of the CI in creating this fouling.

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Why Are Glutaraldehyde/Quaternary Ammonium Biocides So Common In The Oil And Gas Industry?

Product Number: 51322-17640-SG

Author: Ethan Solomon, Jon Raymond, Makensie Moore, Nigel Watson, Anup Rama, Nora Eibergen, Ken Wunch

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Oil and gas operations worldwide are impacted by the presence of microorganisms. A variety of microorganisms can be found in the oilfield, dependent on the type of operation, geology, location, water source and water treatment utilized. Biocides are used in all stages of oil and gas development to control microorganisms and their detrimental impacts on production such as corrosion, biofouling, and souring. A wide number of biocides are used to control microorganisms, ranging from oxidizing biocides that react quickly but leave no residual activity, to preservatives which act slowly, but provide antimicrobial activity for weeks or months at a time. The spectrum of biocides used in oil and gas are covered by several excellent reviews and will not be detailed in this paper.

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Corrosion Under Pipe Supports - Beyond Simply Inspection

Product Number: 51322-18155-SG

Author: Connor Tiegs

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Petrochemical facilities and refineries consist of many miles of above ground piping that transports product between processing and storage units. These pipes are either supported at ground level or in multi-story pipe racks on varying types and sizes of supporting structures. A common problem these structures create is corrosion and erosion at the junction between the pipe and the support, which reduces the remaining wall thickness of the pipe and compromises the integrity of the entire system.

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06548 UNDER-DEPOSIT CORROSION MECHANISMS IN BOILERS

Product Number: 51300-06548-SG

ISBN: 06548 2006 CP

Author: A.G. Howell

$20.00

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04381 Localized Corrosion in Multiphase Pipelines

Product Number: 51300-04381-SG

ISBN: 04381 2004 CP

Author: Cheolho Kang, Madan Gopal, and William Paul Jepson, CC Technologies

$20.00

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Newly Developed Waterborne Phenalkamine for Corrosion Resistant Primers

Product Number: 51217-083-SG

Author: Hong Xu, Fernanda Tavares, Donald C. Lawson III, Jing Hu, Anbu Natesh

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Cashew Nutshell Liquid (CNSL) is a non-edible, renewable biomaterial extracted from the honeycomb-like structure of the cashew nut. Its main component, cardanol, is produced by the decarboxylation of CNSL and it contains a highly hydrophobic aliphatic side chain. Cardanol is used in the synthesis of phenalkamines, which are widely used in marine, protective and industrial coatings applications. Historically, phenalkamines have been used in solvent systems, but recently, a new technology was developed that enables a very hydrophobic phenalkamine to be stably packaged in water.

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Severe Under-Deposit Corrosion Inducing Hydrogen Embrittlment in Water Wall Tubes

Product Number: 51317--8889-SG

ISBN: 8889 2017 CP

Author: Abdelkader Meroufel

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Water wall tubes from boiler operating for 14 years were subject to repeated failures ranging from pinholes to cracks and ruptures. A failure analysis on a received tube was carried out including destructive and non-destructive testing.

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Corrosion Properties of Ni-44Cr-1Mo Alloy in Acidic Solutions and High Temperature Environments

Product Number: 51317--9052-SG

ISBN: 9052 2017 CP

Author: Yuzo Daigo

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Alloy N06044 was developed for applications in chemical process industry and coal fired boiler. In this paper, corrosion resistant properties of that alloy in acidic solutions are shown.

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51317-9113-Stress Corrosion Cracking Of A Duplex Stainless Steel

Product Number: 51317-9113-SG

ISBN: 9113 2017 CP

Author: Briony Holmes / Sam Mishael / Kasra Sotoudeh

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Results of the stress corrosion cracking tests showed that wrought UNS S31803 was not resistant to environmentally-induced cracking or corrosion in the test environment. A difference in surface finish did not have a significant effect.

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51318-11269-Localized Corrosion in the Presence of Corrosion inhibitors at High Flow Velocities in CO2 Environment

Product Number: 51318-11269-SG

Author: F. Farelas / M. Singer / D. Nugraha / S. Whitehurst / B. Kinsella

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

The main objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of different commercial inhibitors with emphasis on the impact of high flow velocities under highly corrosive conditions.

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Pitting Corrosion Resistance Of UNS S32202 Welds: Bulk Microstructure Vs Surface Behaviour

Product Number: 51322-17913-SG

Author: Veronica SCHEIBER, Pauline HUGUENIN, Jérôme BRIDEL, Florent KRAJCARZ, Vincent VIGNAL

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Duplex stainless steels (DSS) are an attractive alternative to conventional austenitic 300 series. They are becoming more and more present in industrial applications requiring high mechanical properties combined with good corrosion resistance. UNS S32202 is a lean duplex grade designed to guarantee corrosion resistance superior to that of 304L in most environments and even equivalent to 316L in NaCl environment at room temperature. Its yield strength is twice as high as 304L and 316L allowing thickness and weight reduction in structural components. With low nickel content (2.5%) and no molybdenum addition, the impact of raw material price fluctuation is reduced. It makes UNS S32202 suitable for a high number of applications including public transportation, building & construction, watersystems, liquid storage and pulp&paper industry.

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Toward Objective Evaluation Of FRP Corrosion Barrier Condition

Product Number: 51322-17669-SG

Author: Geoff Clarkson

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) and other polymeric materials are used in many ways to reduce and manage corrosion damage for industrial, infrastructure and municipal applications. It is common practice to use the term “resin” for polymers in these materials. This paper uses polymer interchangeably with resin. This paper will also only consider glass fiber reinforcements.

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51316-7367- Premature Failure of Access Fittings Installed on High Pressure Effluent Water Lines Due to Microbiologically Induced Corrosion

Product Number: 51316-7367-SG

ISBN: 7367 2016 CP

Author: Abdul Razzaq Al-Shamari

Publication Date: 2016

$20.00

Investigations of access fittings (AFs) revealed that the internals of the AFs particularly the primary seal area had suffered severe corrosion damage. Based on corrosion coupon data and accompanying bacteria analysis data & corrosion morphological features, premature failures could be attributed to microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC).

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Combatting Localized Galvanic Corrosion at Bolted Connections in Gravity Sludge Thickeners and Clarifiers in Wastewater Treatment Plants

Product Number: 51220-275-SG

Author: R. A. Nixon

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

This paper will describe this commonplace corrosion problem associated with protective coating damage at dissimilar metal bolted connections and present a typical case history. The paper will go on to explain why slotted bolt holes are more susceptible to more aggressive corrosion damage than round bolt holes. In addition, the paper will present successful measures that can be taken to prevent this prevalent problem.

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Precursor Evolution and SCC Initiation of Cold-Worked Alloy 690 in Simulated PWR Primary Water

Product Number: 51317--9475-SG

ISBN: 9475 2017 CP

Author: Ziqing Zhai

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Stress corrosion crack initiation of two thermally-treated, cold-worked UNS N06690 materials was investigated in 360 ºC simulated primary water using constant load tensile tests and blunt notch compact tension tests equipped with direct current potential drop for in-situ detection of cracking.

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02486 New Understanding on Corrosion of Alloys in High-Temperature Sulfidizing Gases

Product Number: 51300-02486-SG

ISBN: 02486 2002 CP

Author: R. C. John and A. L. Young

Publication Date: 2002

$20.00

Many alloys exposed in high-temperature process equipment corrode by sulfidation corrosion in the presence of H2-H2S gases. This paper discusses the latest results of an extensive testing program for a diverse group of about 15 commercial alloys exposed to temperatures of 300 - 900°C with exposure times up to 6,000 hours.

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99282 CORROSION TESTING IN FLASH TANKS

Product Number: 51300-99282-SG

ISBN: 99282 1999 CP

Author: S. J. Clarke and N. J. Stead

$20.00

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NACE Publication 31215-2014, “Laboratory Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibitors Used in the Oil and Gas Industry

Product Number: 24259-SG

Publication Date: 2014

$179.00

HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Evaluating corrosion inhibitors used in the oil and gas industry. Describes types of inhibitors and how properties are evaluated. Provides 17 inhibitor properties that are evaluated prior to field application.

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01173 RECENT TRENDS IN CORROSION-RESISTANT TUBE MATERIALS AND IMPROVEMENTS OF CORROSION ENVIRONMENTS IN WTE PLANTS

Product Number: 51300-01173-SG

ISBN: 01173 2001 CP

Author: Yuuzou Kawahara and Yuuji Kaihara

$20.00

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Strategies to Control and Minimize Corrosion and HIC Damage Found in Amine Absorber HIC Resistant Steels

Product Number: MECC23-20093-SG

Author: Gerrit M Buchheim, P.E.; Olavo C Dias

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

As environmental sulfur limits become more stringent, there has been a recent surge in preferential and localized corrosion in amine units. This has occurred even with HIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking) resistant steels and in equipment where velocity limits are not exceeded.
Amine absorbers and associated rich amine piping particularly around the welds, downcomers and other turbulent locations are particularly vulnerable.

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Localized and Generalized Corrosion Evaluation of S13CR in Shale Oil & Gas Production Conditions

Product Number: 51324-21106-SG

Author: Merlin C. E. Bandeira; Felipe S. Assunção; Pedro Filgueiras; Kevin Schleiss; Rogaciano M. Moreira

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

To understand the performance of S13CR on shale gas field, the ability of oxide layer to repassivate on erosion environment was investigated by means of electrochemical and rotating cage tests at 300 bar of total pressure with 10 bar of CO2, 1.2 mbar of H2S partial pressure with balance of nitrogen; sand particles concentration of 50g/L, 26% NaCl, stir velocity of 1,000 RPM and temperature of 115°C. Based on the results, it was observed stable potential (LPR) under erosion condition (with sand) when compared to reference test (without sand). Despite the huge amount of sand and the high rotation speed of the cage, the cyclic potentiodynamic polarization of S13CR on erosion test is quite similar to the reference test. Localized corrosion induced by erosional attack, investigated by RC tests, was not observed and the corrosion rate were similar in both conditions. Laboratory test results corroborate field caliper inspection after 12 months in service where the highest penetration was 9% of wall thickness, therefore below the API 5CRA recommendation of 12.5%. The penetration rates of laboratory test and field inspection were 0.2 and 0.5 mm/y, respectively.

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