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This paper describes a series of tests on two grades of stainless steels UNS S31600 (AISI 316) and UNS S66286 (ASTM A453 Gr. 660– Alloy A286) in simulated H2S-contining oil and gas service environments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate these materials for stress corrosion cracking.
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Under-deposit corrosion is a common mode of failure in boiler tubes. Mechanisms include phosphate attack, caustic gouging, hydrogen damage, and wall thinning due to metal loss. Many aspects of these mechanisms and their mitigation are well-understood, while certain specific details remain uncertain or subject to controversy.
The unavailability of coal fired electrical generating capacity is often attributable to corrosion in steam generators. Electricity demand grows faster than new plants come online, forcing greater use of old plants. Identifying such problems requires proper inspection tools and techniques to take the guesswork out of whether boiler tubes should be repaired or replaced.
If the iron concentration in an alkaline chelant boiler cleaning solution reaches a high value when dissolving magnetite, it sometimes continues to increase rapidly and not level, indicating corrosion of the boiler metal. A laboratory study of “runaway iron increases” investigated the cause and the best mitigation methods.
Case Study: These lines, which are operating in about 500 Completion Risers Joints for more than 3 years exposed to a mixture of seawater, mud, oil and eventually products of acidification in the annular space , have shown good performance except for an unusual case of cracking of the Nitronic stab.
This paper describes use of through-wall radiography to produce the information required to determine the integrity of corroded piping, and includes examples of its use in various situations.
An investigation was conducted to characterize the corrosion behavior of Type 316L stainless steel (UNS S31603) in a sulphamic acid (NH2HSO3) cleaning solution.
The effectiveness of organic commercial migrating inhibitors on steel reinforcements corrosion. Four series of concrete specimens were cast. Two organic migrating inhibitors were applied. Free corrosion potential and corrosion rate of steel rebar were periodically monitored for five years. Results show that migrating inhibitors are not effective in reducing corrosion rate.
This paper summarizes the Top Ten corrosion issues and examines the controlling factors that affect damage including the effects of operating parameters. Best industry practices used to monitor for problems and to inspect for damage are discussed.
Results here of an effort to identify a potentiodynamic means of inducing corrosion in laser-etched areas of stainless steel tools. The electrochemical technique should be able to distinguish between “good” and “bad” etches relatively quickly so that it may be used to help refine the laser etch process, and ultimately assist in quality assurance.
A for fitness-for-service evaluation was conducted in simulated seawater injection conditions for three levels of dissolved oxygen (30, 50, and 100 ppb) to assess the effect of upsets in control of the deaeration. Four materials were studied: austenitic UNS S31603, duplex UNS S39274, and two nickel base alloys
A recent pre-1970 ERW Pipe Seam Weld Failure incident is presented. The investigation combines metallurgical and fractographic analysis, fracture mechanics testing, and failure analysis diagram to determine the origin and nature.