AMPP Store - Conference Papers

Available for download

Cracked High Pressure Steam Superheater Alloy 800 Piping Of A Thermal Oxidizer From A Gas Plant SRU

Product Number: 51322-17922-SG

Author: Yousif A. Al Rabie, Iyad Al-Buraiki

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) is one of the most widely used inorganic chemicals in water treatment process. Improper injection rate or concentration have led to many failures in the industry. These failures have been mostly identified as Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (CSCC).

Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (CSCC) is a form of Environment Assisted Cracking (EAC), characterized by surface-initiated cracks that occur in materials exposed to caustic environment. EAC is defined as a cracking process caused by the synergistic effects of stress, and environment on a specific material. All three factors–stress, aggressive environment, and susceptible material are necessary for EAC. The environment aggressiveness escalates with increase of caustic concentration and metal temperature, in case of CSCC.

Available for download

Cracking Behavior Of Decommissioned Baffle Plates In Light Water Reactor Environment

Product Number: ED22-17301-SG

Author: Yiren Chen, Bogdan Alexandreanu, Appajosula S. Rao

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Most of the core internal components of light water reactors (LWRs) are made of austenitic stainless steels (SSs). Exposed to fast neutron irradiation, reactor core internal components are vulnerable to irradiation-induced or irradiation-enhanced degradations. At LWR-relevant temperatures and irradiation doses, significant microstructural and microchemical changes can take place in SSs, leading to deteriorated mechanical and corrosion properties.

Available for download

Cracking in Aging Austenitic Stainless Steel on Cryogenic Pipeline Application

Product Number: 51319-13205-SG

Author: Pongpat Lortrakul

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Many unexpected cracks occur in aging of more than eighteen years old austenitic stainless steel on cryogenic pipeline application. The operation needed to be disrupted before undertaking repairs or maintenance; resulting in delay transmission. Systemic Root Cause Analysis reveals that random cracks initiated on external surface when operating condition reaches room temperature. Degradation of cold thermal insulation provides accessibility for air-borne chloride to the pipelines. Fatigue crack propagation through metal is driven by thermal stress during start/stop service operation period proven by microstructure analysis and NDT inspection result. An assessment suggests that the pipeline need to be replaced. Corrosion controls on further pipeline are established.

Available for download

Creating a Culture of Safety in Your Organization

Product Number: 41213-756-SG

Author: Greg Jochims, Doug Sams

Publication Date: 2013

$20.00

The heart of any safety commitment from an organization must come from the leadership. The leadership must create a culture that places an enduring value and priority on safety by everyone at every level of the organization.

Available for download

Creating Chemical Adhesion During Surface Preparation

Product Number: 51323-19535-SG

Author: Loren L. Hatle

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Historically the focus has been on the adverse anions (chlorides, sulfates nitrates) with little attention
Aggregated FeS and ionically bonded FeCl2 is a pervasive, difficult, and high-liability issue for pipeline,
petrochemical, power, shipping, and other industries. Situational variations (meteorological, geographical,
seasonal, etc.) can confound conventionally specified surface preparation attempts to achieve perfect or
near-perfect metal cleanliness, thus reducing expected coating life by 30 to 75 percent. Because
conventional surface preparation processes have historically been unable to adequately relieve
microcontamination of metal surfaces, organizations have settled for an uneasy balance between economic
and physical feasibilities that exclude the possibility of achieving ideal surface preparation outcomes and
rely more heavily upon barrier coatings to supply needed corrosion control.

Available for download

Creating Decorative Concrete: Materials and Methods

Product Number: 41206-240-SG

Author: Jamie Farny

Publication Date: 2006

$20.00

Using concrete for enhancing a property’s value has opened the door to a wide variety of new materials and techniques, which are described and compared here.

Available for download

Creating More Sustainable Industrial Coatings: Driving VOCs of High Performance Waterborne Direct-to-Metal Coatings Below 50 g/L

Product Number: 41215-923-SG

Author: Bridget Dombroski, Mary Kate McCrea, Leo J. Procopio

Publication Date: 2015

$20.00

Lowering the volatile organic content (VOC) of industrial coatings has become a requirement in many reformulation and new coating development efforts, oftentimes in order to meet increasingly strict regulations. Driving VOC to lower levels and performance to higher levels can also offer a more sustainable coatings solution for the end-user. Lowering VOC and maintaining (or improving upon) high performance is often the goal when developing a new formulation, but the two objectives can be at odds with each other.

Available for download

Creep Life Assessment of Grade T91 Superheater Tubes Using Creep Void Density and Hardness Measurements – Case Studies

Product Number: 51323-19366-SG

Author: Ewa Labuda, Robert D. Bartholomew, and Emory H. Hull

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Long-term exposure of superheater tubes to normal operating conditions results in gradual changes in
the alloy's microstructure and properties eventually leading to creep cracking and failure. The method
used most frequently to predict the remaining life of these tubes is based on curves showing the variation
of the Larson-Miller parameter (LMP) with stress needed for creep rupture. This method works well for
Grades such as T11 and T22 alloy steels since the tube metal temperature can be reasonably well
estimated based on the ID scale thickness.

Available for download

Crevice and Pitting Corrosion of Stainless-Steel and Nickel based alloys in Deep Sea Water

Product Number: 51319-13123-SG

Author: Erwan Diler

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The exploration and exploitation of deep seawater presents promising prospects for many industries. Hence the use of reliable materials resistant to corrosion is required.In natural seawater many parameters can influence the kinetics of corrosion such as: temperature oxygen content biofilm and fouling activity flow rates and hydrostatic pressure.For passive material such as Cr Ni Mo stainless steels and nickel-based alloys the specificity of the above parameters in deep sea environment might have an impact on both initiation and propagation phases of localized corrosion e.g. pitting and crevice corrosion. Currently there are still many uncertainties on the corrosion behavior of these materials in deep seawater; Actually the results obtained in laboratory cannot be extrapolated to deep seawater since the levels measured in deep sea of some of these influential parameters weren’t reproduced accurately in these experimental studies. In parallel field data on the corrosion behavior in deep seawater is rather scarce especially for recent materials such as Lean Duplex Stainless Steel. For example phenomena that are induced by biofilm formation and can increase the localized corrosion risk such as the so-called potential ennoblement i.e. an increase in the open circuit potential (OCP) by about + 0.350 V and the increase of the cathodic current are not yet well documented.In this study 13-Cr Stainless Steel Austenitic Lean Duplex Duplex Super Duplex Super Austenitic Hyper Duplex Stainless Steels and Nickel based alloys were exposed during 11 months at 1020 and 2020 m water depth in the Atlantic Ocean. For comparison non-resistant materials such as carbon steel and 13-Cr were also exposed. The susceptibility to pitting and to crevice corrosion were assessed. PVDF crevice gaskets at two different pressures namely 3 and 20 N/mm² were used to assess the crevice corrosion. Potential monitoring was performed in-situ in order to characterize the formation of the biofilm at the material surface. At each exposure depth the environment was characterized using environmental sensors e.g. temperature flow velocity dissolved oxygen salinity and biofilm sensors.The obtained results allow i) ranking the passive material in terms of corrosion resistance to pitting and crevice in deep water at 4°C ii) comparing biofilm activity and kinetics of corrosion at 1020 and 2020 m depth.

Available for download

Crevice Corrosion of Alloy 625 Strake Bands in Sea Water

Product Number: 51320-14254-SG

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Available for download

Crevice Corrosion Of High-Grade Stainless Steels In Seawaters, Comparison Between Temperate And Tropical Locations

Product Number: 51322-17828-SG

Author: Nicolas Larché, Charles Leballeur, Dominique Thierry, Erwan Diler

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In natural seawater, microorganisms can fix, grow and develop on practically any surface, including stainless steels.The term biofilm is generally used for communities of microorganisms embedded in an organic polymer matrix (e.g. exopolysaccharides), produced by the microorganisms themselves) and adhering to a surface, irrespective of the environment in which they develop. Stainless steels are widely used for different applications in seawater such as the oil and gas, desalination and marine energy industries. The presence of a biofilm on passive alloys such as stainless steels or nickel-based alloys can strongly enhance the cathodic reactions, and shift their open-circuit potential (OCP) to the noble direction.

Available for download

Crevice Corrosion of Stainless Steel in Tropical Seas

Product Number: 51317--9327-SG

ISBN: 9327 2017 CP

Author: Dominique Thierry

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Differences between temperate and tropical sites in terms of electrochemical behavior (e.g. open-circuit potential and cathodic current for oxygen reduction). One difference is critical temperature for biofilm ennoblement. Results are discussed in terms of risk for crevice corrosion for stainless steels in tropical seas.

Conference Papers

NACE Conference Papers

SSPC Conference Papers

AMPP Conference Papers

Online Conference Paper

Individual Conference Papers

Cracked High Pressure Steam Superheater Alloy 800 Piping Of A Thermal Oxidizer From A Gas Plant SRU

Cracking Behavior Of Decommissioned Baffle Plates In Light Water Reactor Environment

Cracking in Aging Austenitic Stainless Steel on Cryogenic Pipeline Application

Creating a Culture of Safety in Your Organization

Creating Chemical Adhesion During Surface Preparation

Creating Decorative Concrete: Materials and Methods

Creating More Sustainable Industrial Coatings: Driving VOCs of High Performance Waterborne Direct-to-Metal Coatings Below 50 g/L

Creep Life Assessment of Grade T91 Superheater Tubes Using Creep Void Density and Hardness Measurements – Case Studies

Crevice and Pitting Corrosion of Stainless-Steel and Nickel based alloys in Deep Sea Water

Crevice Corrosion of Alloy 625 Strake Bands in Sea Water

Crevice Corrosion Of High-Grade Stainless Steels In Seawaters, Comparison Between Temperate And Tropical Locations

Crevice Corrosion of Stainless Steel in Tropical Seas

Association for Materials Protection and Performance